biology - natural selection bozeman

What is Biological Evolution?

Any changes to the gene pool

Gene Pool

A combination of all the genes in a population

What should the gene pool remain at? What does this mean?

The gene pool should remain at equilibrium. This means that the frequency of the alleles will never change.

What is an allele?

Alternate version of a gene that arises by a mutation

What happens if one of the 5 constraints are broken for the Hardy Weinburg equilibrium?

Evolution occurs

What are the 5 constraints of the hardy-weinburg equilibrium?

Large Size

Random mating

No mutations

No migrations

No selection

What is Natural selection? What is another term for it?

Natural selection is when you live or die based on the appearance that you have. another term for it is differential reproductive success.

What does your environment have to do with evolution?

You’re made the way you are and as the environment changes you’re selected.

What does it mean to have high fitness? What about low fitness?

You’re able to survive and pass your genes on. You die.

What can enough fitness overtime lead to?

Adaptations in a population

What is the smallest unit that can evolve?

A population

Out of the 5 constraints, what is the only one that can lead to adaptation?

Natural selection.

How do we get new characteristics? (Create variety)

Mutation, which is a mistake in the dna, and reproduction.

What do DD, Dd, and dd stand for?

DD = homozygous dominant

Dd = heterozygous dominant

dd = homozygous recessive

How do we find out what the gene pool frequencies were?

P²+2pq+q² (Hardy Weinburg’s equilibrium)

Why does the gene pool change over time?

Selection

What is an adaptation?

A process that is selected for.

How do populations become perfectly adapted?

A process of natural selection.