American Gov Exam 2

not all the terms; just some random ones

Second and Third reconstruction act

Authorized Federal Court in US Military to enforce voting rights and to use the military to disrupt conspiracies against civil rights and civil liberties

Civil Rights Act

Nondiscrimination in public accommodations

Election of 1876

Hayes vs Tilden, where Democrats would let Hayes be president if they agreed to stop passing reconstruction acts

SC Red Shirts

Groups that would terrorize black voters so they did not participate in elections

Plessy vs Ferguson

Against Louisiana’s law to have separate rail cars for black and white passengers, Supreme Court allowed this saying “separate but equal”

19th Amendment

Amendment that allows women to vote

Sweatt vs Painter

Black man wanted to go to UT Law school, they tried to open a new Law school, Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional and Sweatt got to attend Law School 

Brown vs Board of Education

Decided that “separate but equal” was unconstitutional, and blacks got to attend public school 

Due Process clause

States must respect your liberty unless you’re being punished for a crime

Amend 14, S 2 

States have a certain number of seats in the HoR based on how many people live in that state 

Amend 14, S 3

People who previously rebelled against the US can’t hold a position in federal office 

Amend 14, S 4

Federal government is responsible for its own debt and does not require the federal government to cover general state debt

Amend 14, S 5

Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the powers in this article

Fugitive Slave Clause

Escaped Slaves must be returned to their owners (exception to federalism)

import ban moratorium

Execption to congress’s enumerated powers bcs congress usually regulates international trade

13th Amendment 

Amendment that abolished slavery 

14th amendment

birth right citizen provision, due process clause, equal protection clause

15th amendment

Guarantees the right to vote to former slaves and their descendants 

Somerset’s Case

Slave in Boston brought to England, tried to escape and was punished, he was baptized, was freed because slavery was for positive law and no law authorized slavery in england

Compromise of 1850

California admitted as a free state, slave trade abolished by DC

Oberin-Wellington Rescue

John Price enslaved in Kentucky, moved to Ohio where he was captured by slave captures and moved to a hotel. Lots of protestors were arrested. 

Dred Scott vs Sanford

Slave moved to Wisconsin territory where Emerson rented out his labor. Slave’s wife had daughter on Mississippi river, Emerson would not let him buy freedom. Court ruled that he could not petition for freedom since he was not a person

Amend 15, S 1

Citizens can vote regardless of race, color or previous condition of servitude

Amend 15, S 2 

congress has the power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation

3 Parts of a Political Party 

1. Parties in Government 

2. Parties in Electorate 

3. Parties organizations

24th Amendment 

Bans poll taxes (15th guarantees right to vote)

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Bans discriminatory “testing and devices”

Grandfather Clause

You have to demonstrate that you can read AND you own property OR Your grandfather was allowed to vote

Understanding Clause

You have to demonstrate understanding of provision of the constitution, which you have to read when you come in to register to vote

Rational Basis test

Very low ball discriminatory test (such as eye tests or college admission tests)

Political Party

group of people operating under a common label who organize to control government by winning elections