Frontend and Backend Concepts

A set of flashcards covering key terminology and concepts from frontend and backend web development.

DTO (Data Transfer Object)

An object used to send data between the frontend and backend.

Request DTO

Data sent from the frontend to the backend (e.g., a new status).

Response DTO

Data received from the backend (e.g., item info).

Axios

A tool to send HTTP requests (GET, PATCH, etc.) from the frontend.

Fetch

Another method to send requests, often seen as cleaner than Axios.

Queries

Frontend requests to the backend, e.g., axios.get('/item/all').

useState

A React hook for managing live, changing data.

useEffect

A React hook that runs logic after rendering, often used for data fetching.

Enums

Fixed values (like NEW, COMPLETE) used in buttons or dropdowns.

UI (User Interface)

Everything the user sees and interacts with.

PostgreSQL

A database that stores app data in tables.

Entity

A Java class mapped to a database table using the @Entity annotation.

Controller

Receives frontend requests and calls service methods.

Service

The component where main logic resides, like updating item status.

Repository

Talks directly to the database to perform operations like find, save, delete.

Mapping (@GetMapping, @PatchMapping, etc.)

Connects URLs to Java methods.

Imports

Bring in classes or libraries to use in your file.

Annotations (@)

Tags that define how Spring handles each class or method.

API

The intermediary that connects the frontend and backend.

HTTP Methods

Specifications for operations: GET (read), POST (create), PATCH/PUT (update), DELETE (remove).

JSON

A data format sent between the frontend and backend.

Database Migration

SQL files like V1__status.sql used to update database structure.

EntityManager

Allows writing raw SQL queries instead of using JPA repository methods.

HTML

The language used to structure content on a webpage.

JavaScript

A language that makes websites interactive.

TypeScript

A version of JavaScript that adds types to catch errors early.

Dockerfile

A file that tells Docker how to build and run your app in a container.

TailwindCSS

A tool for styling websites using short class names.

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)

A language that styles how websites look, such as colors, fonts, and layout.