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Robert Brown

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83 Terms

Robert Brown

Discovered Nucleus

Robert Hooke

Cell discovery in a thin slice of cork; father of Cytology

Theodore Schwann

All animals are composed of cells

Walther Flemming

Steps involved in cell division

Jan Evangelista Purkinje

Thick, jelly-like protoplasm

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

First single-lens microscope; Father of microbiology/microscope; discovered animalcules

Matthias Schleiden

All plants are composed of cells

Hermann Fol

Union of egg and sperm cells

Ernst Ruska

First electron microscope

Rudolf Virchow

All living cells come from pre-existing living cells

Louis Pasteur

Microorganisms can cause contagious diseases

Felix Dujardin

Internal, jelly-like substance "sarcode"

Microscope

Biologist use this as their chief investigation tool

Cells

Are the building blocks of life

Organelles

Cell structures that perform these specific functions. Are like machines in a factory, each with a specific role.

•cytoplasm •nucleus •cell membrane

Fundamental parts of cell

Cytoplasm

Where the main metabolic life activities takes place

Cell membrane

Surrounds the cytoplasm

Nucleus

Where the genetic material stored

Ribosomes

Protein synthesis

Rough ER

Synthesis of membrane lipids and proteins, secretory proteins, and hydrolytic enzymes; formation of transport vesicles

Smooth ER

Lipid synthesis; detoxification in liver cells

Lysosomes

Digestion of ingested food, bacteria, and a cell's damaged organelles and macromolecules for recycling; suicide bag

Vacuoles

Digestion; storage of chemicals; cell enlargement; water balance

Peroxisomes

Diverse metabolic processes, with breakdown of H²O² by-product

Mitochondria

conversion of chemical energy of food to chemical energy of ATP; powerhouse of cell

Chloroplast

Conversation of light energy to chemical energy of sugars

Centrioles

Helpers in cell division

Cytoskeleton

Structural support; movement; road for transportation; framework of cell

Cytoplasm

Jelly-like substance that holds the cell organelles in place; site of many chemical reactions

Cell membrane

Separates cell from outside; controls what enters and leaves the cell; recognizes signals from other cells

Cell wall

Nonliving permeable wall that surrounds the cell membrane; encloses and supports the cell

Prokaryotic cells

Contains nuclear materials not enclosed by a nuclear membrane; doesn't have a true nucleus

Eukaryotic cells

Contain nuclear materials enclosed by a nuclear membrane; true nucleus

Nucleus

DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis; assembly of ribosomes

Tissues

group of cells, have the same functions as cell; are specialized, and their structure enables them to perform a specific task

Organs

tissues group together

Organ system

group of organs as one

Organisms

group of organ system

White blood cells

Most number of lysosomes

Muscular tissues

have cells with the most mitochondria

Nervous tissue

type of tissue would make up the majority of the brain and spinal cord

Epithelial tissue

type of tissue that would be found in the epidermis; Structure through which the tissue is found

Connective tissue

type of tissue would form ligaments, tendons, fat and bone

Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue

type of tissue would be found in the blood vessels and respiratory tract; air sacs of the lung, blood vessels, heart

Epithelial Tissue

also called the epithelium, occur as sheets of tightly packed cells that cover body surfaces and line internal organs and cavities.

Basal Lamina

The apical (basal) surface of an epithelium is attached to the _

Connective Tissue

helps protect, support, and bind organs and other tissues.

Muscular Tissues

helps cause movement and change in the shape of some body parts