Competency Assessment

Continuous measurement

When you take data for every instance of the behavior.

Types of continuous measurement

Frequency, Duration, Latency, Inter-Response Time (IRT), and rate.

Frequency Data

When you track how many times the behavior occurs.

Duration Data

When you track how long a behavior occurs.

Latency Data

When you track how long it takes for the client to respond to a demand (SD) that is placed.

Inter-Response Time Data (IRT)

The time between when a behavior ends and begins again.

Discontinuous measurement

Records a sample of behavior during an observation.

Types of discontinuous measurement

Partial-interval, Whole-Interval, and Momentary Time Sample.

Partial Interval Data

When you track data to see if the behavior occurred at any point within the predetermined interval.

Whole Interval Data

When you track data to see if the behavior occurred for the whole predetermined interval.

Momentary Time Sampling

When you track data to see if the behavior occurred at the end of the predetermined interval.

Preference assessments

Used to identify potential reinforcers by determining what things they like and dislike.

Free Operant Preference Assessment

Give the individual free access to their environment and take either duration or frequency data on what items the individual chooses.

Common preference assessments

Free operant, Forced/Paired Choice, Multi-stimulus with replacement, and Multi-stimulus without replacement.

ABC Data Tracking

Record the Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence.

Antecedent

What happens before the behavior you are observing.

Consequence

What happens after the behavior you are observing.

Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT)

A teaching method where learning opportunities and motivation to complete them are contrived by the RBT.

Natural Environment Teaching (NET)

A teaching method where learning opportunities are worked into the client's natural play.

Chaining

Breaks a task down into small steps and teaches each step within the sequence by itself.

Types of chaining

Forward, Backward, and Total Task.

Forward Chaining

The client independently does the first step and receives reinforcement.

Backward Chaining

The client does the last step on their own and receives reinforcement after that step is completed.

Total Task Chaining

The client does all steps on their own, with prompting as needed.

Shaping

Reinforcing successive approximations of a terminal goal.

Discrimination Training

Giving an instruction to identify a certain stimulus, with reinforcement for correct identification.

Stimulus control transfer

Transferring the control of a behavior from one stimulus to a new stimulus.

Using prompts

To assist/cue learning in identifying the correct responses.

Prompt Hierarchies

Most to least and Least to Most prompting.

Least to Most prompt hierarchy

A hierarchy that starts with a visual prompt and gradually uses fewer prompts.

Token system

A system where individuals receive tokens that can be exchanged for larger reinforcement.

Crisis/emergency support actions

Remove unsafe items or individuals, follow BIPs, ask for assistance.

Antecedent Interventions

Manipulating the environment prior to a behavior to affect its occurrence.

Examples of antecedent manipulations

Environmental modification, Body positioning/Blocking, Premack Principle, Priming.

Differential reinforcement

Withholding reinforcement for challenging behavior while reinforcing desirable behaviors.

Types of differential reinforcement

DRO, DRA, DRI.

Extinction

When reinforcement is no longer provided to a previously reinforced behavior.

Session note writing

Should be in the third person with good grammar, professional terminology, and be all-inclusive.

Maintaining client dignity

Treating clients with respect and value, regardless of their circumstances.

Maintaining professional boundaries

To avoid creating Dual Relationships with clients and stakeholders.

Dual relationships

Relationships extending beyond the professional context that can blur boundaries.

BACB's supervision requirements

RBTs must receive at least 5% of their total hours supervised by their BCBAs.

Seeking clinical direction

To consult a supervisor/BCBA when unsure about specific programs or responses.

Frequency Data tracking example

Tracking every time the client requests using one or more words.

Discontinuous measurement example

Jill tracking tantrums at 3-minute intervals.

Data collection example in a loud noise scenario

Recording the ABC data for a scenario involving loud noise.

Teaching method example in a functional communication scenario

Using shaping to reinforce progressive verbal requests.

Prompting type for puzzle assistance example

Gestural prompt used to assist in completing a task.

Example of a token economy system

Receiving a reward after accumulating checkmarks for positive behavior.

Example of differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO)

Rewarding when the individual goes 2 minutes without undesirable behavior.

Example of discrimination training

Reinforcing appropriate greetings only at the right social moments.

Example of stimulus control transfer

Client transitioning from needing a model prompt to responding independently.