Studied by 15 peopleHomozygous
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait
Heterozygous
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait
Law of Dominance
recessive alleles will always be masked by dominant alleles
Law of Segretation
Mendel's law that states that the pairs of homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis so that only one chromosome from each pair is present in each gamete
law of independent assortment
Each member of a pair of homologous chromosomes separates independently of the members of other pairs so the results are random
Genotype
genetic makeup of an organism
Phenotype
An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
Alleles
Different forms of a gene
Mendel
studied pea plants; responsible of the Law of Inheritance
sickle cell anemia
a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape
cystic fibrosis
A genetic disorder that is present at birth and affects both the respiratory and digestive systems.
Phenylkeonuria (PKU)
autosomal recessive disorder; cannot breakdown the amino acid phenylalanine
sex-linked traits
Traits controlled by genes located on sex chromosomes.
color blindness
A sex-linked trait in which an individual cannot perceive certain colors.
Hemophilia
An X-linked recessive disorder in which blood fails to clot properly
Codominance
A condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed
incomplete dominance
Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele
Pedigree
A chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait
autosomal recessive
two copies of an abnormal gene must be present in order for the disease or trait to develop
Huntington's disease
A human genetic disease caused by a dominant allele; degeneration of the nervous system; usually fatal 10 to 20 years after the onset of symptoms.
Note
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