Late 1800s to Present: Key Events and Figures

Jacob Astor

Not an industrialist during the late 1800s

Bessemer Process

Technological development that revolutionized the making of steel

Andrew Carnegie

Author of The Gospel of Wealth

Manifest Destiny

Concept that the US had the right to expand across the continent

Gustavus Swift

Revolutionized the meat-packing industry

Mexicans

Culture that influenced the American cowboy

Homestead Act 1862

Most important act passed by Congress that encouraged western expansion

Promontory Summit

Location where the first transcontinental railroad was completed

Kiowa/Atakapans

Not a Plains Indian tribe

American Federation of Labor

Federation of craft unions founded in 1881 by Samuel Gompers

Growth of Textile Mills

Not a cause of urbanization

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Congressional act in 1890 to stop monopolistic practices

James A. Garfield

President assassinated in 1881

Charities

Does not apply to Social Darwinism

Overproduction

Contributes directly to the plight of farmers

Lack of dance halls

Not an urban problem

All of these were associated with the Compromise of 1877

Not part of the Compromise of 1877

Stalwarts

Republicans who supported the patronage system

New Immigrants

Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe who came after 1880

Dumbbell Tenements

Apartment plan providing access to light and air

Booker T. Washington

Founder of the Tuskegee Institute, advocated African-American trade education

Organized crime grew

Unforeseen consequence of alcohol prohibition

Theodore Roosevelt

Most involved president in conservationism during the Progressive Era

the West

First part of the country to grant women suffrage

the political parties

Printed and distributed voter ballots prior to the adoption of the secret ballot

civilized and uncivilized nations

President Theodore Roosevelt defined nations based on race and economic development

status of the Philippines

Greatest American debate over consequences of the Spanish-American War

Cuba

1901 Platt Amendment was directed at this country

Queen Liliuokalani

Leader of Hawaii forced to yield authority to the American government

Battle of the Argonne Forest

Allies' 200-mile attack against the Germans in the last months of World War I

Sedition Act of 1918

Made public expression opposing the war illegal

Zimmermann telegram

Stirred up anti-German sentiment in the US by revealing German plans

Great Britain, France, Russia

Triple Entente in 1914

war reparations

Most divisive issue at the Paris Peace Conference

parity

Price-raising scheme for agricultural commodities based on pre-war years

teachers

Pink-collar jobs did not include this profession

urban, middle-class, consumer-oriented society

American popular culture reshaped itself in the 1920s to reflect this

political parties dominated by males

Reason women's political influence was limited after suffrage

Detroit and Los Angeles

Cities that experienced the greatest population increase due to the automobile

10

Percentage of the population that owned stock in 1929

Foreign countries placed tariffs on American goods

Effect of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Hoover supported this to loan money to financial institutions

Private charities

According to Hoover, should provide relief to the deserving poor

Over farming and drought

Causes of the Dust Bowl

National health care

The Social Security Act did not include this

Roosevelt

Eleanor Roosevelt's maiden name

Francis Perkins

Not a critic or enemy of FDR

Establish better working conditions while ensuring corporate profits

National Recovery Administration's goal

Restore consumer confidence

Main purpose of the fireside chats

Executive Order 9066

Gave the government the ability to forcibly relocate Japanese-Americans

Big business

Companies that received the most defense contracts during World War II

Appeasement

European policy that allowed Hitler to take over territory in Central Europe

Hispanics

Racial tension with whites led to the Zoot Suit riots in Southern California

Benito Mussolini

Not a leader of the Big Three

Brown v. Board

Supreme Court decision that began the desegregation of public schools

Levittowns

Quickly constructed housing editions in the 1950s

Montgomery, AL

City where Martin Luther King, Jr. led the bus boycott

Sputnik

Soviet Union's first manmade satellite

Fair Deal

Truman's domestic agenda

Office of Economic Opportunity

Created in 1964, oversaw much of the war on poverty

Racial Inequality

SNCC organized college students to resist this

Last Frontier

JFK's presidency is referred to as this

Bay of Pigs rebellion

JFK used the CIA to train Cuban refugees for this uprising

Greensboro, NC

Sit-in movement began at a Woolworth's department store in this city

Vietnam diverted resources

Reason the Great Society largely failed

Tet Offensive

Military failure that turned American public opinion against the Vietnam War

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Law passed in 1965 giving the president authority in Vietnam

The Feminine Mystique

Betty Freidan's book credited with starting the modern women's movement

Black separatism

Stokely Carmichael argued for this

Moral Majority

Conservative religious movement against abortion, homosexuality, and in support of Republicans

Kuwait

Nation invaded by Iraq triggering the Persian Gulf War

encouraging Judeo-Christian values

Primary goal of The Moral Majority

begin withdrawing U.S. troops from combat in Vietnam

President Nixon's first action toward the Vietnam War

The ERA would end gender-specific privileges women enjoyed

Primary rationale for opposing the Equal Rights Amendment

PATCO

Labor union of air traffic controllers that went on strike in 1981

Operation Desert Storm

Military campaign to liberate Kuwait from Iraqi occupation

Egypt and Israel

Nations involved in the Camp David Accords negotiated by President Jimmy Carter

Contras

Group supported by the Reagan administration in Nicaragua

They did not involve a formal declaration of war by Congress

Reason some people considered the Korean and Vietnam Wars illegitimate