ISP 203L- midterm

Dependent Variable

The thing that is affected by what you are changing- what is being measured

Independent Variable

The thing that you are changing in the experiment

Mean

The average- measured by adding up all the values and then dividing by the amount of values you have in the set

Variance

(𝑋1−𝑋) 2+(𝑋2−𝑋) 2 ...+(𝑋𝑛−𝑋) 2 / 𝑛−1

How much your values vary from the average

Standard Deviation

S = √𝑆 2

More sample focused- measures the variability in the sample

Standard Error of the Mean

More population focused- you take your standard deviation value and divide it by the square root of n

What does it mean if the error bars overlap?

It means that there is not a significant difference

What does it mean if the error bars do not overlap?

It means that there is a significant difference

Error Bars

The lines on a bar graph that show the mean plus or minus the standard deviation

Linear Equation

This equation shows the R^2 value which is the strength of the graph and how close the values are from being linear. The slope is also shown in this equation and it can tell you if the relationship is positive or negative

Hydrosphere

All the water in Earth's oceans, lakes, seas, rivers, and glaciers. Can also be in the atmosphere

Geosphere

The solid part of the earth consisting of the crust and outer mantle. Also includes the core and the soil and rock

Biosphere

Plants, animals, living things

Atmosphere

Weather, climate, insulates the planet, temperature

Porosity

Percentage of open spaces between rocks which varies between different sizes of rocks

Permeability

Ability of rock or soil to allow water to flow through it

Soil Texture

Proportions of sand, silt, and clay in soil

Turbidity

A measure of how clear water is

Macroinvertebrate Biotic Index

It helps to measure the water quality. If there are more of one type and less than another type, one can conclude the kind of water has been sampled and what species are suited for it

Soil Characteristics that Affect Permeability

The soil type (clay, silt, and sand) as well as the size of the soil grains

Soil Characteristics that Affect Porosity

The size of the soil grains and how fast water can flow through the soil

What is the order when looking at the soil texture pyramid?

Sand, silt, clay