APUSH Period 8 F

Dwight Eisenhower

• 34th president after Willson

• won election of 1952 for republican party with running mate Nixon

• priorly known for his sucess in dominating allied forces in WWII

Election of 1952

• R: Taft v. Eisenhower

• D: Illinois governor

• Eisenhower wins with the edge of Nixon (appeasing more conservative republicans) and promise to end Korean war Stevenson

Modern republicanism

• balance between fiscal conservative ideas and progressive ones

• preserving and improving to maintain economic stability without too much government intervention

Interstate Highway System

• started w/ 1956 highway act

• connected major US cities

• new taxtes on fuel, tires, & vehicles

Prosperity under Einsenhower

• steady growth rate

• highest standard of living in the world during post war economy, reflecting Eisenhower’s strong economic policies

Dulles Diplomacy

• emphasized containing communism through alliances like NATO and SEATO and promoted the strategy of "massive retaliation" to deter Soviet aggression.

• emphasized idea of brinkmanship

• emphasized idea of massive retaliation

• overall worsened cold war tensions

1956 Highway Act

• authorized construction of 42,000 miles of interstate highways

• led to interstate highway system and decrease of railroad usage

Brinkmanship

• pushing communist powers towards war to have them eventually back down due to American nuclear strength

• Eisenhower was not completely on board due to the desire to avoid unnecessary escalation

Massive Retaliation

• Dules’ idea

• reliance on nuclear weapons to spend less on conventional forces of the navy

• idea was to balance federal budget and put pressure on potential enemies

• Eisenhower was against using nuclear weapons

Covert Action

• secret operations conducted by a government to influence events in other countries without revealing its involvement.

• During the Cold War, the CIA used covert actions to overthrow governments, support allies, or disrupt communist movements,

Covert Action in Iran

• CIA helped overthrow a government in Iran trying to nationalize the holding of foreign oil companies

• led to return of the monarch of Iran, providing the US with favorable oil prices and purchases of American arms

Covert Action in Guatemala

• CIA overthrew government in Guatemala due to threat to American business interests

Division of Vietnam

• divided at the 17th parallel

• North was communist

• Shuth was anti communist and typically running away from the communism of the north

• was supposed to only be divided until general election, but never happened primarily due to South Vietnam’s fear of the communists winning

• US supported South due to domino theory