Al Mudood Set

What are the two main types of Mad (lengthening) in Tajweed?

• Mad Tabi’i (Natural Mad) – 2 counts

• Mad Far’i (Secondary Mad) - more than 2 counts

What causes a Secondary Mad (Mad Far’i)?

It occurs due to the presence of either a Hamzah (ء) or a Sukoon (ْ ) after a Mad letter.

What is Mad Al-Muttassil (المتصل)?

When a Hamzah comes immediately after a mad letter in the same word. Wajib, Mandatory Mad

How many counts is Mad Al-Muttassil (المتصل)?

4–5 counts

What is Mad Al-Munfassil (المنفصل)?

Mad letter and the hamzah are in two separate words
Mad letter is at the end of one word, and the Hamzah is at the beginning of the next.

How many counts is Mad Al-Munfassil (المنفصل)?

2–5 counts depending on reciter

What is Mad Al-Badal (مد البدل)?

When a Hamzah comes before a mad letter

What is Mad Al-‘Arid Lissukoon (عرض للسكون)?

Occurs when a word ends in a mad letter followed by a temporary sukoon (due to stopping).

How many counts is Mad Al-‘Arid Lissukoon (عرض للسكون)?

Prolonged 2, 4, or 6 counts.

What is Mad Al-Leen (مد اللين)?

Occurs with و or ي preceded by a letter with a fatha and followed by a temporary sukoon at the stop.

How many counts is Mad Al-Leen (مد اللين)?

prolonged 2, 4, or 6 counts.

What is Mad Lazim (مد لازم)?

Occurs when a mad letter is followed by a permanent sukoon.

How many counts is Mad Lazim (مد لازم)?

prolonged 6 counts.

What is Mad Silah Kubraa?

when a ha' pronoun (with dhammah or kasrah) is followed by a Hamzah at the start of the next word.

How many counts is Mad Silah Kubraa?

4–5 vowel counts.

What are the 3 secondary Mudood caused by a Hamzah?

• Mad Muttassil

• Mad Munfassil

• Mad Silah Kubraa
  (All prolonged 4–5 vowel counts)

What are the two types of Mad Lazim?

Kalimi – occurs in words
Harfi – occurs in separate letters (e.g., Muqatta’at)

What is Mad Lazim Kalimi Muthaqqal?

Occurs when a shaddah follows a mad letter in a word. "Muthaqqal" means heavy.

How many counts is Mad Lazim Kalimi Muthaqqal?

Prolonged 6 counts.

What is Mad Lazim Kalimi Mukhaffaf?

Occurs when a non-merged sukoon (no shaddah) follows a mad letter in a word. Found in only 2 places in the Qur’an (e.g., Yunus 51 & 91).

How many counts is Mad Lazim Kalimi Mukhaffaf?

Prolonged 6 counts.

Mukhaffaf

Light

Muthaqqal

Heavy

Which Mad Lazim has only two exceptions in Qur’an?

Mad Lazim Kalimi Mukhaff - Yunus 51 & 91

What is Mad Lazim Harfi Muthaqqal?

Occurs when a shaddah follows a mad letter in a Muqatta’at letter.

What is the order of Mad strength from strongest to weakest?

1. Mad Lazim – 6 counts

2. Mad Waajib Muttassil – 4–5 counts

3. Mad Leen / Aarid Lissukoon – 2/4/6 counts

4. Mad Jaa’ez Munfassil – 4–5 counts

5. Mad Badal – 2 counts

What is Qalqalah?

A bouncing echo sound that occurs on five specific letters

What are the Qalqalah letters?

ق ط ب ج د — Remembered with the phrase قطب جد

What are the two types of Qalqalah?

1. Lesser Qalqalah – occurs in the middle or end of a word without stopping

2. Greater Qalqalah – occurs at the end of a word with a stop and the letter is saakin

Which is the stronger mad?

Mad Lazim or Mad Leen

Mad Lazim

Which is the stronger mad?

Mad Badal or Aarid Lissukoon

Aarid Lissukoon

Which is stronger mad?

Mad Jaa’ez Munfassil or Mad Leen

Mad Leen

Which is stronger mad?

Mad Waajib Muttassil or Mad Jaa’ez Munfassil

Mad Waajib Muttassil – 4–5 counts