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The Great Depression
The worst economic crisis in U.S. history, which led to widespread reliance on soup kitchens for food.
Hoover's Slogan for 1928 Election
"A Chicken for Every Pot; a car in every garage."
Agricultural Marketing Act
Enacted in 1929, it created the Federal Farm Board to stabilize farm prices.
Trickle Down Theory
Economic policy where loans are given to big corporations to keep them in business, hoping that benefits will trickle down to the rest of the economy.
Smoot-Hawley Tariff
The highest tariff in U.S. history, it protected American farm products but worsened the global depression.
Dust Bowl
A period of severe dust storms in the 1930s that damaged agriculture and displaced thousands of farmers in the Midwest.
Rugged Individualism
Hoover's belief that individuals should take care of themselves without government intervention.
League of Nations
An international organization founded after World War I to promote peace and cooperation but was ultimately ineffective.
Gestapo
The secret police of Nazi Germany, created in April 1933.
Blitzkrieg
A rapid military attack strategy used by Germany, meaning 'lightning war.'
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
A non-aggression treaty between the Soviet Union and Germany, signed in August 1939.
Autarky
An economic system where a country aims for self-sufficiency and independence.
Farm Board
A government agency created to assist farmers in managing crop prices and production.
Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)
An emergency government agency set up to provide financial support to banks and railroads.
Nationalistic
A political ideology that emphasizes strong pride in one's nation, often at the expense of other nations.
Fascism
A political ideology characterized by dictatorial power, extreme nationalism, and suppression of opposition.
“Hoover Flag”
An empty pocket turned inside-out, symbolizing poverty during the Great Depression.
“Hoover Blanket”
Old newspaper used as blankets by the homeless during the Great Depression.
“Hoover Leather”
Cardboard used to line a shoe when the sole was worn out.
Holocaust
The systematic persecution and murder of six million Jews by the Nazi regime during World War II.
Winston Churchill
The British Prime Minister during World War II, known for his leadership against Nazi Germany.
Hideki Tojo
The Prime Minister of Japan during World War II, known for his militaristic policies.
