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Nationalism
Belief in one's nation and the desire to assert its identity in the global arena.
British East India Company
British company that established colonies in Australia, Southeast Asia, and India.
Sino-Japanese War
Conflict between Japan and China sparked by Japanese expansion into Korea.
Pseudoscientists
Individuals who present theories as science without scientific evidence.
Phrenologists
Individuals who studied skull sizes and shapes to support theories of racial inferiority.
Social Darwinism
Application of Darwin's theory of survival of the fittest to human societies.
Cultural Assimilation
Process of imposing the culture, language, and institutions of the colonizers on diverse colonies.
Missionaries
Individuals who aimed to convert people to Christianity and reinforce colonial influence.
Commercial treaties
Agreements between imperial powers and local rulers to establish trading posts and protect interests.
British East India Company
British company with a monopoly on trade with India, trading primarily in cotton, silk, indigo, and spices.
Dutch East Indies
Possessions of the Dutch East India Company, which became today's Indonesia.
Political Control
Imposition of European political systems and suppression of local governance in colonized territories.
Resistance Movements
Uprisings and anti-colonial movements against imperial powers.
Demographic Changes
Migration of Europeans and population decline in indigenous communities due to imperialism.
Social Hierarchy
Racial segregation, discrimination, and inequality in colonial societies.
Westernization
Adoption of European customs, values, and education systems in colonized territories.
Language and Communication
Spread of European languages and loss of indigenous languages.
Religion and Beliefs
Conversion to Christianity and suppression of indigenous religions.
Art, Literature, and Media
Western influence on artistic expressions and preservation/loss of cultural heritage.
Identity and Nationalism
Formation of national identities and cultural resistance/revival movements.
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