semester 1 final

Case Study

A descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in the hope of revealing universal principles.

Correlation

A measure of the relationship between two variables.

Naturalistic Observation

Standing back and to watch/observe without interacting.

Independent Variable

Manipulated variable.

Dependent Variable

Manipulated variable.

Operational Definition

Statement of procedures that identifies low variables will be measured; makes replication possible.

Confounding Variable

Factor other then the independent variable that might affect experiment.

Hypothesis

Testable prediction

Random Selection

Randomly selecting people to represent the general population.

Experimental group

Group exposed to one version of the independent variable.

Control Group

Group not exposed to the treatment; comparison to experimental group.

Random Assignment

Randomly placing people in groups to prevent bias.

Sampling Bias

When the group being studied doesn’t fairly represent the larger population.

Experimenter Bias

When the researcher unintentionally influences results.

Double blind studie

Where the participantes and experimentar both don’t know who the control group is.

Nature

Behavior based on genes

Nurture

Behavior based on environment.

Central Nervous System

Body’s main control system (Brian & spinal cord)

Peripheral Nervous System

All nerves outside the Brian and spinal cord.

Autonomic nervous system

Controls involuntary body functions (heart rate, breathing, blood pressure)

Somatic Nervous System

Controls voluntary movements and carries sensory information.

Dopamine

Influencias voluntary movement, learning, and emotion.

Serotonin

Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal.

Endorphins

End perception of pain and pleasure.

Leptin

Hunger suppressing hormone.

Gherlin

Hunger arousing hormone

Melatonin

Sleep-inducing hormone

Reuptake inhibitors

Drugs that interfere with the reuptake of neurotransmitters in the synapse so that a greater amount remains in the synapse.

Reticular activating system

It controls awareness, arousal, and focus. If it were destroyed, then you would sleep forever.

Cerebellum

Muscle movement (balance)

Cerebral cortex

Responsible for our most advanced mental abilities (outer most layer)

Pituitary gland

Connects brain activity with behavior, emotions, and development through hormones.

Hypothalamus

Maintains homeostasis

Broca’s area

Speech production

Wernicks area

Comprehension of speech

Trichromatic theory

The theory that the retina contains three different types of color receptors.

Opponent process theory

Explains how we see color through pairs of opposing color channels in our visual system

Conduction deafness

Bones become brittle over time (Malleus, Incus, Stapes)

Vestibular theory

Your body’s sense of balance and spatial orientation

Sensorineural deafness

Hair cells and cochlea damage.

Kinesthesis

The sense of location and position of body parts in reflationary to one another.