UNIT 10 PHARMA

To prevent pain during surgery

What is the primary purpose of anesthesia?

General anesthesia

Which type of anesthesia causes unconsciousness during surgery?

Local anesthesia

Which type of anesthesia temporarily blocks pain in a specific area of the body?

Numb only the portion of the body undergoing surgery

Regional anesthesia is primarily used to:

Induction → Maintenance → Recovery

Which of the following is the correct sequence of the stages of anesthesia?

Administration of an anesthetic until effective anesthesia develops

The induction stage refers to:

Maintenance

During which stage are vital signs continuously monitored while anesthesia is sustained?

How quickly the anesthetic diffuses from the brain

Recovery from anesthesia mainly depends on:

Maintenance of anesthesia

Inhaled anesthetics are primarily used for:

Halothane

Which inhaled anesthetic is considered the prototype against which newer inhalation anesthetics are compared?

Isoflurane

Which inhaled anesthetic has little metabolism and is therefore not toxic to the liver or kidneys?

Desflurane

Which inhaled anesthetic has a very rapid onset and recovery because of its low blood solubility?

Sevoflurane

Which inhaled anesthetic is preferred for pediatric patients because it does not irritate the airways?

Nitrous oxide

Which inhaled anesthetic is commonly known as "laughing gas"?

Potent analgesic but weak general anesthetic

Nitrous oxide is best described as a:

Rapid induction

IV anesthetics are mainly used because they provide:

Propofol

Which IV anesthetic is a sedative-hypnotic used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia?

Potent anesthetics but weak analgesics

Barbiturates are best described as:

Sedation

Benzodiazepines are commonly used during anesthesia to provide:

Morphine

Which opioid is usually administered orally for postoperative pain?

Etomidate

Which hypnotic agent induces anesthesia but lacks analgesic activity?

Dissociative anesthesia

Ketamine produces which type of anesthesia?

Dexmedetomidine

Which drug is commonly used as a sedative in intensive care settings and surgery?

Sodium channels

Local anesthetics primarily work by blocking:

Action potential propagation

Blocking sodium channels prevents:

Lidocaine

Which local anesthetic is commonly used for short-duration procedures?

Bupivacaine

Which local anesthetic is preferred for longer-duration procedures?

Articaine

Which local anesthetic is a popular dental anesthetic?

Benzocaine

Which ester local anesthetic is used exclusively for topical anesthesia?

Tetracaine

Which ester local anesthetic is primarily used for spinal anesthesia?