AP World Unit 1.1

Developments in East Asia

What is the social structure in the song dynasty?

emperor, government officials, landlord class (scholars), peasants, merchants

Confucianism

A hierarchical philosophy formed by unequal relationships that is rooted in all aspects of Chinese society

---

used to consolidate their power

Filial Piety

respect for ancestors and elders

---

is an inherent value of Confucianism

---

maintains the hierarchical structure of the family

Examples of relationships in confucianism:

father - son, husband - wife, ruler - subject

Neo-Confucianism

“New Confucianism” influenced by Buddhist and Daoist ideas

---

is an example of religious syncretism

---

is an example of continuity and change

Women in Song China

had restricted rights

Foot Binding

oppressive practice of wrapping one's foot used in China by women

Civil Service Exam

made government officials be chosen by merit and not by association

(example of change)

---

increased the competency of the bureaucracy

---

system of testing based on Confucian values designed to select the most competent candidates for the Chinese government

China was an ____________ made up of thousands of officials enforcing the laws, this allowed them to consolidate power.

imperial bureaucracy

China developed a ____________ system because of their greater power compared to surrounding countries, this helped them consolidate power.

tributary

three ways China consolidated its power in the Song Dynasty:

1. Confucianism

2. Imperial Bureaucracy

3. Tributary System

What did Korea adopt from China?

• Confucianism

• civil service exam

What did Japan adopt from China?

• Imperial Bureaucracy

• Buddhism

• writing system

Korea was ____ to adopt Chinese ideas because of _______________________. Meaning they __________ which ideas to adopt.

forced, its close proximity to China, did not choose

Japan was _______ to adopt Chinese ideas because of _________________. Meaning they ________ which ideas to adopt.

not, distance from China, did choose

Buddhism

A religion created in India based on the Four Nobel Truths and following of the Eightfold Path.

Four Nobel Truths

1. truth of suffering

2. truth of cause of suffering

3. truth of end of suffering

4. truth of path that leads to end of suffering

Eightfold Path

path to liberation from suffering according to the Buddhist religion.

what are three types of Buddhism?

1. Mahayana

2. Theravada

3. Tibetan

What change came with the creation of Mahayana Buddhism?

Buddism became more accessible

Characteristics of Theravada Buddhism:

• practiced mainly by monks

• less accessible to common people

Characteristics of Mahayana Buddhism:

• More service to the Buddha

• accessible to all

In what four ways did China strengthen its economy during 1200-1450?

1. commercialization

2. iron and steel production

3. agricultural innovations

4. transportation innovations

What is the main agricultural innovation for China in 1200-1450?

Champa rice!!!!!

Examples of transportation innovations in China from 1200o 1450:

1. Junk Ships

2. stern rudder

3. grand canal expansion