Patho exam 2, ch.13 practice pt.2

In chronic bronchitis:

1. The bronchial walls are narrowed because of vasoconstriction

2. The bronchial glands are enlarged

3. The number of goblet cells is decreased

4. The number of cilia lining the tracheobronchial tree is increased

a. 1 only

b. 2 only

c. 3 only

d. 3 and 4 only

b. 2 only

Which of the following bacteria are commonly found in the tracheobronchial tree of patients with chronic bronchitis?

1. Staphylococcus

2. Haemophilus influenzae

3. Klebsiella

4. Streptococcus pneumoniae

a. 1 only

b. 2 only

c. 3 and 4 only

d. 2 and 4 only

d. 2 and 4 only

In chronic bronchitis, the patient commonly demonstrates which of the following?

1. Increased FVC

2. Decreased FEV1/FVC ratio

3. Increased VC

4. Decreased FEV1

a. 2 only

b. 1 and 3 only

c. 2 and 4 only

d. 3 and 4 only

c. 2 and 4 only

The patient with severe chronic bronchitis (late stage) commonly has which of the following arterial blood gas values?

1. Normal pH

2. Decreased HCO3-

3. Increased PaCO2

4. Normal PaO2

a. 1 only

b. 1 and 3 only

c. 2 and 3 only

d. 3 and 4 only

b. 1 and 3 only

Patients with severe chronic bronchitis may demonstrate which of the following?

1. Peripheral edema

2. Distended neck veins

3. An elevated hemoglobin concentration

4. An enlarged liver

a. 3 only

b. 2 and 4 only

c. 2, 3, and 4 only

d. 1, 2, 3, and 4

d. 1, 2, 3, and 4

What type of emphysema creates an abnormal enlargement of all structures distal to the terminal bronchioles?

a. Centrilobular emphysema

b. Alpha1-protease inhibitor deficiency emphysema

c. ZZ phenotype emphysema

d. Panlobular emphysema

d. Panlobular emphysema

What is the normal range of alpha1-antitrypsin?

a. 0 to 150 mg/dL

b. 150 to 350 mg/dL

c. 350 to 500 mg/dL

d. 500 to 750 mg/dL

b. 150 to 350 mg/dL

The DLCO of patients with severe emphysema is:

a. Increased

b. Decreased

c. Normal

d. The DLCO test is not used to assess emphysema patients.

b. Decreased

Patients with severe emphysema commonly demonstrate which of the following oxygenation indices?

1. Decreased image

2. Increased O2ER

3. Decreased DO2

4. Increased image

a. 1 only

b. 3 only

c. 4 only

d. 1, 2, and 3 only

d. 1, 2, and 3 only

Which phenotype is associated with the lowest serum concentration of alpha1-antitrypsin?

a. MM phenotype

b. MZ phenotype

c. ZZ phenotype

d. M phenotype

c. ZZ phenotype

Which of the following pulmonary function study findings are associated with severe emphysema?

1. Increased FRC

2. Decreased PEFR

3. Increased RV

4. Decreased FVC

a. 3 and 4 only

b. 2 and 3 only

c. 2, 3, and 4 only

d. 1, 2, 3, and 4

d. 1, 2, 3, and 4

The patient with severe COPD commonly demonstrates which of the following hemodynamic indices?

1. Decreased CVP

2. Increased image

3. Decreased RVSWI

4. Increased PVR

a. 1 only

b. 3 only

c. 2 and 4 only

d. 1 and 2 only

c. 2 and 4 only

Because acute ventilatory changes are often seen in patients with chronic ventilatory failure (compensated respiratory acidosis), the respiratory therapist must be alert for this problem in patients with severe COPD. Which of the following arterial blood gas values represent(s) acute alveolar hyperventilation superimposed on chronic ventilatory failure?

1. Increased pH

2. Increased PaCO2

3. Increased HCO3-

4. Increased PaO2

a. 2 only

b. 2 and 4 only

c. 1 and 3 only

d. 1, 2, and 3 only

d. 1, 2, and 3 only

The lung parenchyma in the chest radiograph of a patient with emphysema appears:

1. Opaque

2. White

3. More translucent than normal

4. Dark

a. 2 only

b. 1 and 3 only

c. 2 and 3 only

d. 3 and 4 only

d. 3 and 4 only

What is the single most common etiologic factor in emphysema?

a. Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency

b. Cigarette smoking

c. Infection

d. Sulfur dioxide

b. Cigarette smoking