Aqueous Solution Formation: Acids, Bases, and Salts

Vocabulary flashcards covering the definitions, characteristics, and examples of acids, bases, and salts in aqueous solutions.

Sodium Chloride ($NaCl$)

A substance that dissolves in water and separates into ions to make a saline solution, represented by the example $NaCl_{(s)} \rightarrow Na^{+}_{(aq)} + Cl^{-}_{(aq)}$.

Saline solution

The type of solution formed when sodium chloride dissolves in water and separates into its constituent ions.

Acid

A substance that produces hydrogen cations ($H^{+}$) in water, has a pH less than 7, and changes indicators in acid-specific ways.

Base

A substance that produces hydroxide anions ($OH^{-}$) in water, has a pH greater than 7, and changes indicators in base-specific ways.

Salt

A substance that dissociates into cations and anions in water and whose pH can be neutral, acidic, or basic depending on the specific salt.

Hydrogen cation ($H^{+}$)

The ion clue produced by acids when they are introduced into water.

Hydroxide anion ($OH^{-}$)

The ion clue produced by bases when they are introduced into water.

Sulfuric acid ($H_2SO_4$)

A specific example of an acid which learners observe in class when it is added to water.

Sodium hydroxide ($NaOH$)

A base often found in pellet form that produces hydroxide anions when mixed with water.

pH for Acids

A measurement value that is less than 7.

pH for Bases

A measurement value that is greater than 7.

$$HCl$$

Hydrochloric acid, listed as an example of an acid in the lesson notes.

PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

Required safety gear for handling acids and bases under teacher supervision.