Group III Elements - Boron Family and Related Compounds

This set of flashcards covers key terms and definitions related to Group III elements, specifically the Boron family and their pharmaceutical applications.

Crystalline Boron

Type of Boron that is similar to the hardness of diamond in glass cutting and gem polishing.

Borate

Reacts with turmeric paper.

Boric Acid

Also known as 'sal sedativum' that is toxic if ingested.

Sal Sedativum

Other name for Boric Acid.

Buffer

Combination of acidic and basic solutions.

Ophthalmic Preparation

Boric acid is used as buffer in this preparation.

H3BO3

Chemical formula of Boric Acid.

Boric Acid

H3BO3 is also known as _ acid.

E-Value of Boric Acid

0.52 (Boron).

Tonicity adjusting agent

Boric Acid is a __ agent

2.45% to 2.5%

Boric Acid can be used as eyewash as long as it is within this range.

Boroglycerin

Boric Acid and Glycerin combination used as suppository base.

Na2B4O7

Chemical formula of Sodium Borate (Borax).

Borax / Sodium Tetraborate

Sodium Borate is also known as.

Astringent

Use of Sodium Borate in Dobell’s Solution.

Eye wash

Other uses of Sodium Borate.

Physiological Buffer

Phosphate buffer system is an example of this type of buffer system.

Sorensen Phosphate Buffer System

Physiological buffer normally found in the body.

Microbial growth

Disadvantage of Phosphate Buffer System.

Metals

Borate Buffer System is used in preparations containing these.

Toxic

Reason Borate Buffer is not used in parenteral solutions.

External, Ophthalmic, and Nasal solutions

Type of preparation Borate Buffer is suitable for.

Boric Acid and Sodium Borate

Components of Borate Buffer System.

Feldman’s Buffer System

Primary Borate Buffer System (pH 7–8.2).

Sodium Chloride and Boric Acid

Components of Feldman’s Buffer System.

Atkins and Pantin Buffer System

Primary Borate Buffer System (pH 7.6–11).

Potassium Chloride

Difference of Gifford Buffer from Feldman’s.

Aluminum

Most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust.

Oxygen and Silicon

Aluminum is the 3rd most abundant element after these two.

Bauxite Ore

Natural source of aluminum.

Cryolite

Other source of aluminum aside from Bauxite.

Aluminon

Common dye used to detect aluminum ions.

Red lake

Reaction when Al(OH)3 adsorbs the color of aluminon dye.

Ionic and Covalent

Aluminum bonding type.

White gelatinous precipitate

Physical property of aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3).

Thenard’s Blue Test

Test for Aluminum producing a blue ash (Co(AlO2)2).

Cobalt Meta-Aluminate

Common name of Co(AlO2)2.

Shaver’s Disease / Bauxite Pneumoconiosis

Occupational lung disease caused by aluminum oxide exposure.

Lungs

Shaver’s Disease affects this organ.

Deodorant, Antiseptic, Protectant, and Antiperspirant

Deodorant, Protectant, Antiseptic, and Antiperspirant. General Pharmaceutical Use of Aluminum

Constipation

Adverse effect of Aluminum compounds.

Amphojel, Cremalin Gel

Aluminum Hydroxide trade names.

Phosphate Deficiency

Effect of Aluminum Hydroxide on phosphate levels.

Antacid

Use of Aluminum Hydroxide.

Phosphagel

Aluminum Phosphate is also known as.

Antacid and Astringent

Use of Aluminum Phosphate (Phosphagel).

Al2(CO3)3

Aluminum Carbonate chemical formula.

Phosphatic Calculi

Aluminum Carbonate (Al2(CO3)3) is used for treatment of.

KAl(SO4)2·12H2O

Chemical formula of Alum.

Deodorant and Astringent

Use of Alum.

Al2O3

Chemical formula of Aluminum Oxide.

Alumina

Common name of Aluminum Oxide.

Treatment of Silicosis

Use of Alumina (Al2O3).

Al(CH3COO)3

Chemical formula of Aluminum Acetate.

Burrow’s Solution

Other name of Aluminum Acetate Solution.

Astringent

Pharmaceutical use of Burrow’s Solution.

Dihydroxyaluminum amino acetate

Used as Gastric Antacid (magma or tablet).

Kaolin

Aluminum Silicates used as adsorbent and demulcent in diarrhea.

Native Hydrated Aluminum Silicate

Common name of Kaolin.

Bentonite

Aluminum Silicate used as suspending agent and soap clay.

Native Hydrated Colloidal Aluminum Silicate

Other name for Bentonite.

Pumice

Aluminum Silicate of volcanic origin used as dental abrasive.

Piedra Pomez

Common name of Pumice.

Flour, Fine, Coarse

Grades of Pumice.

Eka-Aluminum

Gallium is also known as.

Manufacture of Arc Lamps

Gallium substitutes Mercury in.

Treatment of Cancer-Related Hypercalcemia

Medical use of Gallium.

Thalos

Thallium name origin.

Second most toxic metal

Toxicity rank of Thallium among metals.

Group IIIB elements

Include Scandium, Yttrium, Lanthanum, Actinium.

Lanthanides and Actinides

Two inner transition series.

58–71

Lanthanides atomic number range.

89–103

Actinides atomic number range.

Rare Earth Elements

Lanthanides are also known as.

4f electron shell

Lanthanides correspond to the filling of this electron shell.

Lutetium

Exception to f-block Lanthanides.

Lanthanum

Lanthanide series is named after this element.

Actinium

Actinide series is named after this element.

Actinide elements

Include Actinium, Thorium, Protactinium, etc.

Synthetic and Radioactive

All actinide elements beyond uranium are.

3+

General oxidation state of actinides.

Typical metals, quite reactive

Physical property of actinides.

Basic

Nature of actinide oxides.

Actinoid

IUPAC recommended term for actinide series.

15 elements

Actinide series includes how many elements.

Inner transition elements

Location of Lanthanides and Actinides in the periodic table.