The national grid

What is the National Grid?

It is the network of cables and transformers that distribute electricity across the country.

Why is high voltage used in power transmission?

High voltage reduces current, minimizing energy loss as heat.

What is the function of a step-up transformer?

It increases the voltage, reducing current and transmission losses.

What is the function of a step-down transformer?

It decreases voltage to safe levels for consumer use.

Why are power stations typically located away from cities?

To reduce pollution and noise in populated areas.

What type of current is used in the National Grid?

Alternating current (AC).

What are the main sources of energy for the National Grid?

Fossil fuels, nuclear, renewable sources (e.g., wind, solar, hydroelectric).

How do transmission cables minimize resistance?

By using thick wires and low-resistance materials like copper or aluminum.

What safety precautions are necessary for high-voltage cables?

Insulation, high placement, and secure routing to prevent accidents.

How does demand affect electricity supply?

The grid adjusts generation to meet peak and low demand.

What are the environmental impacts of the National Grid?

Land use, habitat disruption, and carbon emissions (depending on energy source).

Why is the National Grid more efficient than local generation?

It allows centralized production and optimized distribution.

How does the National Grid ensure a stable supply?

By balancing supply and demand and using energy storage.

What is the role of backup power stations?

They provide additional energy during peak demand or outages.

Why is renewable energy increasingly integrated into the National Grid?

To reduce carbon emissions and reliance on fossil fuels.