American Revolutionary War Flashcards

Flashcards about the American Revolutionary War, covering key figures, battles, and turning points.

What is Guerrilla warfare?

A strategy where smaller, mobile groups harass the enemy with ambushes and raids.

Who were the Loyalists?

Americans who remained loyal to the British crown during the Revolutionary War.

What were General Howe's attitudes and strategies?

Sympathetic to Americans, hesitant to decisively defeat the Continental Army, sought negotiation.

How did Howe's actions impact the Battle of Long Island and subsequent engagements?

Despite a large army, Howe's caution allowed Washington to retreat and regroup, preventing a decisive British victory.

What was the significance of Trenton and Princeton?

Surprise attacks at Trenton and Princeton boosted American morale and regained control of New Jersey.

What was Washington's changed strategy after the winter of 1777?

A defensive strategy with guerrilla warfare to harass British troops while preserving the Continental Army.

What problems did Washington's army face at Valley Forge?

Severe conditions including lack of supplies, disease, and desertion.

What was the strategic impact of the British capture of Philadelphia?

Though Howe captured Philadelphia, it held no strategic value and didn't end the rebellion.

Why was Saratoga a turning point in the war?

It was the first great American victory and led to French recognition and support.

Why did the French intervene in the American Revolution?

France sought revenge for the Seven Years' War and a chance to weaken Britain. Also, Saratoga ended French fears of USA collapse.

Besides France, what other nations became involved in the War of Independence?

Spain, Netherlands, Russia, Sweden, Denmark, Prussia, Portugal and Austria.

What was the military impact of french intervention?

Aroused war effort in UK which US rebellion alone did not.

What American problems occurred between 1779-1781?

Troops deserting, diminishing enthusiasm, and Benedict Arnold's betrayal

How did Native Americans impact the war in the West?

They hoped to drive back American settlers, but their attacks alienated loyalists and neutrals, and their support was unreliable.

What were the British strategies and successes in the Southern colonies (1778-81)?

Exploited Loyalist support in the South, captured key cities, but faced challenges with divided populations and reliance on British support.

What was the significance of Yorktown?

Cornwallis's surrender led to British public and parliament wanting to end the war.