Flashcards on Special Virology - Adenoviridae and Papillomaviridae

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts in the field of virology, specifically focusing on Adenoviridae and Papillomaviridae.

Adenoviridae

A family of viruses comprising five distinct genera including viruses that infect mammals, birds, and other animals.

Mastadenovirus

Genus of Adenoviridae that includes viruses infecting only mammals.

Aviadenovirus

Genus of Adenoviridae that includes viruses infecting only birds.

Atadenovirus

Genus in the family Adenoviridae that infects a broad range of hosts, including reptiles and birds.

Siadenovirus

Genus of Adenoviridae that includes viruses affecting amphibians and birds.

Ichtadenovirus

Genus of Adenoviridae which comprises adenoviruses that infect fish.

Virion

The complete and infective form of a virus outside a host cell.

Hemagglutination

The clumping of red blood cells due to the interaction with viral proteins.

Oncogenic

Referring to a virus or agent that has the potential to cause cancer.

Clathrin-coated pit

A structure on the cytoplasmic surface of a cell membrane that mediates endocytosis.

CAV-1

Canine adenovirus type 1, the causative agent of infectious canine hepatitis.

CAV-2

Canine adenovirus type 2, associated with localized respiratory disease in dogs.

Genus-specific antigen

An antigen found on the hexon of adenoviruses that helps in identifying specific genera.

Serotype

A distinct variation within a species of bacteria or viruses, defined by its antigenic properties.

Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion body

A characteristic pathological feature seen in viral infections indicating viral replication.

Replication

The process by which viruses multiply inside a host cell.

Bovine adenoviruses

A group of adenoviruses that infect cattle and are associated with respiratory and enteric diseases.

Papillomaviridae

A family of viruses characterized by circular double-stranded DNA genomes, causing various tumors in animals.

Polyomaviridae

A family containing polyomaviruses that typically induce lifelong, asymptomatic infections.

Epithelial cells

Cells that line the surfaces of organs and structures throughout the body.

Stratum germinativum

The innermost layer of the epidermis, where cell division occurs.

Hyperplasia

An increase in the number of cells, often resulting in tissue enlargement.

Fibropapillomas

Tumors associated with bovine papillomavirus that occur in different tissues of cattle.

Viremia

The presence of viruses in the blood.

Immune response

The reaction of the immune system against foreign substances, including viruses.

Intranuclear inclusion body

Cytoplasmic structures found in infected cells which are indicative of viral infections.

Hemorrhagic enteritis

A severe gastrointestinal disease in turkeys caused by adenovirus.

Marble spleen disease

A disease caused by siadenovirus, characterized by splenomegaly in pheasants.

Egg drop syndrome

A disease in poultry caused by atadenovirus, characterized by drops in egg production.

CANINE PAPILLOMAVIRUS

A group of viruses affecting dogs, causing warts and lesions in skin and mucosa.

Feline papillomavirus

Viruses that cause various types of papillomas and tumors in cats.

Budgerigar fledgling disease virus

A polyomavirus that causes high mortality in young budgerigars.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

A demyelinating disease seen in immunocompromised hosts, associated with polyomavirus infection.

Integrins

Proteins that facilitate cell adhesion and play roles in endocytosis of viruses.

Basal cell differentiation

The process by which basal cells of the epithelium mature as they move outward.

Capsid

The protein shell of a virus, encapsulating its genetic material.

Serological diagnostic methods

Techniques used to diagnose viral infections based on the detection of antibodies.

Inverted terminal repeats

Regions at the ends of viral DNA that are identical and involved in the replication process.

Cysteine protease

A type of enzyme encoded by adenoviruses, necessary for protein processing.

Embryonated eggs

Eggs of birds used for virus cultivation and study.

Asymptomatic infection

A viral infection that does not show any noticeable symptoms.

Direct dog-to-dog contact

Primary mode of transmission for canine adenovirus infections.

Contaminated fomites

Inanimate objects that can carry and spread viruses, such as utensils or bedding.

Tonsillar crypts

Tissue in the throat where initial infections of adenovirus can occur.

Histones

Proteins that package and order DNA into structural units called nucleosomes.

Microtubules

Cytoskeletal components that transport the viral core to the nucleus.

Acute hepatitis

A rapid onset of inflammation of the liver, often associated with viral infection.

Blue eye

A ocular condition associated with the use of live attenuated CAV-1 vaccines.

Viral proteins

Proteins produced and encoded by viral genomes necessary for viral structure and function.

Ectoparasites

Parasites that live on the external surface of the host, such as fleas or ticks.

Serum

The component of blood that is used to detect antibodies during serological tests.

Lymph nodes

Small immune system organs that filter lymph fluid and house immune cells.

Pathogen

An organism that causes disease in another organism.

Diagnosis

The process of identifying a disease from its signs and symptoms.

Inclusion body

A cellular structure formed during viral replication, often seen in infected cells.

Virus-host interaction

The dynamic relationships and effects between a virus and its host organism.

iosome

A conditionally stable lipid bilayer structure that helps in virus entry.

Variants of concern

Strains of viruses that show changes in their properties and pose increased risks.

Reservoir of infection

An animal or environment where a pathogen normally resides and can be transmitted.

Host cell receptors

Molecules on the surface of host cells that viruses attach to for entry.

Epidemiology

The study of how often diseases occur in different groups of people.