Cerebral Blood Supply in Domestic Animals

Rete mirabile epidurale

A major source of cerebral blood supply in ox and sheep.

Maxillary artery

The main continuation of the external carotid artery in most domestic species.

Brachiocephalic trunk

The first branch of the aortic arch in all domestic animals.

Facial artery

Supplies the mandibular salivary gland in the dog.

Maxillary artery

Provides branches to the nasal cavity and palate in the dog.

External carotid artery

Continues as the maxillary artery in the carnivore.

Facial artery

Particularly enlarged in the horse and contributes significantly to facial blood supply.

Terminal branches of the external carotid artery in the horse

Transverse facial, maxillary, superficial temporal arteries.

Buccal artery

Arises from the maxillary artery in the horse.

Maxillary artery and vertebral artery branches

Contribute to the formation of the rete mirabile epidurale rostrale in the ox.

Facial artery in the ox

A continuation of the external carotid artery.

Cornual artery in the ox

Supplies the horn and is important in dehorning.

Internal carotid artery in pigs

Supplies the brain in pigs and remains functional in adults.

Unique feature of internal carotid artery in pigs

It remains functional in adults (not obliterated).

Cornual branch in sheep and goats

Arises from the superficial temporal artery.

Rete mirabile epidurale rostrale

A structural adaptation that aids thermoregulation in cerebral circulation in small ruminants.

Facial artery in the horse

Runs along the ventral border of the mandible and is used to take a pulse.

Occipital artery in dog and ox

Especially well-developed to supply the nuchal region.

Maxillary artery branching comparison

In dogs, it gives off infraorbital and palatine branches; in horses, it's larger and involved in facial blood supply.

Linguofacial trunk

Common origin for the lingual and facial arteries in horse and ox.