ClinPara Lab Week 6

off center

Amastigote:

• Nucleus: 1 ___

near center

Promastigote

• Nucleus: 1 ___

at posterior end

Epimastigote

• Nucleus: 1 ___

anterior

Trypomastigote

• Nucleus: 1 ___ to the kinetoplast

adjacent

Amastigote

• Kinetoplast: ___ to the nucleus

anterior end

Promastigote

• Kinetoplast: in the ___

anterior

Epimastigote

• Kinetoplast: ___ to the nucleus

posterior end

Trypomastigote

• Kinetoplast: in the ___

Amastigote

Only hemoflagellate without the Flagella

Epimastigote

___ has an undulating membrane that is HALF of the body length

Trypomastigote

___ has an undulating membrane that is ENTIRE of the body length

Round to Oval

Amastigote

• Shape: ___

Long and Slender

Promastigote

• Shape: ___

Long and Slightly Wider

Epimastigote

• Shape: ___

C, S, or U

Trypomastigote

• Shape: ___

Tissues and Muscles

Morphologic Forms

• Amastigote found in ___ and ___

blood sample

Morphologic Forms

• Promastigote if ___ is collected immediately

Anthropod-Vector

Morphologic Forms

• Epimastigote ___

Peripheral Blood Smear

Morphologic Forms

• Trypomastigote ___

Arthropod

Mode of Transmission: Bite of an

Leishmania

Diagnostic Form

• Amastigote: for ___

Trypanosoma

Diagnostic Form

• Trypomastigote: for ___

infective ; Sandfly

• Life Cycle of Leishmania Spp.

  • Amastigote

    • ___ stage to ___

Amastigote

• Life Cycle of Leishmania Spp.

  • ___

    • Diagnostic Stage

Infective ; human

• Life Cycle of Leishmania Spp.

  • Promastigotes

    • ___ stage to ___

Visceral Leishmaniasis

___ No lesions and Causes Skin Darkening

Giemsa-stained preparations

Leishmania braziliensis complex

• Microscopic examination of the ___

kinetoplast

Leishmania braziliensis complex

• Schizodeme analysis which causes Restriction analysis of ___ DNA (PCR)

Isoenzyme Patterns

Leishmania braziliensis complex

• Zymodeme analysis uses ___

Visceral Leishmaniasis

Leishmania donovani complex is associated with ___

Leishmanial antigen

Leishmania donovani complex

• Montenegro Skin Test

  • Delayed hypersensitivity reaction.

  • Intradermal inoculation of ___.

  • Erythema + (48-72 hours) (redness means positive)

lesion biopsy

Leishmania mexicana complex

• Giemsa-stained ___ material

Normal Saline Solution Medium

Leishmania mexicana complex

• Culture on ___

aspiration and fluid

Leishmania tropica complex

• Giemsa-stained slides of ___

Somnolence

Excessive sleepiness

Kerandel’s Sign

Delayed Sensation to pain

Blood, lymph node aspirations, and Cerebrospinal Fluid

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense uses ___, ___, and ___ samples

Blood and lymph node

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

• Giemsa-stained slides of ___ and ___ aspirations

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

More severe than gambiense and Affects Heart

Trypanosoma cruzi

Can be transmitted via blood transfusion and is Most Severe; Affects heart and Brain

Ring Forms

Early trophozoites have ___

blue cytoplasmic circle

Giemsa stain:

• consists of a ___ connected to a nucleus

nucleus

Giemsa stain:

• consists of a blue cytoplasmic circle connected to a ___

Developing Trophozoites

Consists of remnants of the cytoplasmic circle and chromatin dot, Brown pigment is often visible

Immature Schizonts

Consists of evidence of active chromatin replication is Visible cytoplasmic material surrounds the chromatin. Brown pigment is often visible.

Merozoites

fully developed stage of the asexual sporozoa trophozoite

Male gametocyte

Microgametocytes aka ___

Microgametocytes

• Typically roundish in shape.

• Consists of: large diffuse chromatin mass stains pink to purple and is surrounded by a halo (colorless to pale).

• Pigment is usually visible

Female gametocyte

Macrogametocytes aka ___

Macrogametocytes

• round to oval in shape.

• Consists of compact chromatin mass is partially to completely surrounded by cytoplasmic material.

• Pigment is also present.

Young

Plasmodium Malariae is the only malaria known to infect ___ RBS

Plasmodium Malariae

Bar or band shaped Trophozoite

Plasmodium Vivax

Ameboid shaped Trophozoite

Plasmodium Ovale

Fimbriated, Serrated, and Round/Compact Trophozote

8 to 36

Plasmodium Falciparum

• No. of Merozoite in Schizoint

6 to 12

Plasmodium Malariae

• No. of Merozoite in Schizoint

12 to 24

Plasmodium Vivax

• No. of Merozoite in Schizoint

8

Plasmodium Vivax

• No. of Merozoite in Schizoint

Plasmodium Malariae

Malaria that has rosettes or irregular clusters of merozoints

Plasmodium Falciparum

Only malaria with Sausage or Crescent shaped gametocyte

Maurer's dots

Plasmodium Falciparum

• Malarial Stippling/Granules: ___

Ziemman's dots

Plasmodium Malariae

• Malarial Stippling/Granules: ___

Schuffner's dots

Plasmodium Vivax

• Malarial Stippling/Granules: ___

Schuffner's dots and James dots

Plasmodium Ovale

• Malarial Stippling/Granules: ___

EDTA

Thick & Thin Blood smear

• Specimen: Capillary or Venous blood uses ___ tubes

in between paroxysms

Optimal time to collect blood sample for malaria

Screening slides

Thick blood smears: ___

differentiating the Plasmodium species

Thin blood smears: ___

6 - 12 ; 48

It is recommended that blood be collected every _ to _ hours for up to _ hours, before considering a patient to be free of Plasmodium spp. parasites.

maltese cross pattern

Babesia microti Has merozoites arranged in “___”

schizonts and Gametocytes

Babesia microti has No ___ and ___

Giemsa-stained peripheral blood films

Babesia microti can only be diagnosed through

Plasmodium vivax

Most frequent malaria worldwide

Plasmodium falciparum

Most frequent malaria in the Philippines

Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum

Mixed infection occurs in ___ and ___