POLS209 WK5 - Multilateral aid

bilateral aid

provided directly by governments through their official aid agencies to an aid recipient country

multilateral aid

provided to the recipient by an international organization active in development

what role does public opinion play in ODA

changes impact aid allocation - it is less favorable to international aid in periods of recession or when there are problems in internal politics

More than ___% of aid is provided by only ___ countries

90%, 14

what are the implications of these 14 countries

they have a great deal of power regarding aid allocation

• total amount

• the form in which it is allocated

• the conditions under which it is provided

what are types of multilateral organizations allocating ODA

united nations system

international development banks

EU

global funds and partnerships

the multiplication of multilateral channels

there are far more major multilateral agencies which provide ODA than major bilateral donors

• because there are no official harmonization bodies internationally, there is a crucial lack of cooperation and coordination between donors

what is the aim of the SDGs

to free the human race from the tyranny of poverty and want, and to heal and secure our planet.

1992 SDG

earth summit in rio de janeiro, more than 178 countries adopted agenda 21 - a plan of action to build a global partnership for sustainable development

2000 SDG

UN hosts a summit that leads to the elaboration the Millenium development goals to reduce extreme poverty by 2015

2012 SDG

the decision to launch a process to develop a set of SDGs to build upon the MDGs is taken at the UN conference on sustainable development

2015 SDG

All UN member states adopt the SDGs at the UN sustainable development summit

what is the annual financing gap of the SDGs

over 4 US trillion up from 2.5 trillion in 2014 (2024)

what is a critique of SDGs

• non binding

• not urgent enough

• too vague

• too many of them

• lack of progress breeds apathy

• not immune from politics

• set goals instead of rights

what is a key trend in ODA

less than a quarter (24%) of ODA was disbursed to countries groups as least developed/low income in 2022

trends in ODA saw donations in current prices slide

in 2024, ODA disbursement from DAC countries fell 7.1, the first drop in 5 years. Contributions to international organizations dropped by 10.9%

concerns that much of ODA funding WAS NOT going beyond the borders of DAC countries!

• mainly used to fund refugee support at home

cuts to oda due to trump withdrawal

18.8% reduction in UN staff members

12% cut to development budgets

13% cut to peace and security budgets

15% cut to budget of the office of the high commissioner of human rights

what has US withdrawn from

WHO, UNHRC, UNESCO, UNRWA etc.

effect of US withdrawal from UN women (sudan)

US accounted for 57% of expected funding

cuts left 200,000 women without reproductive health services

effect of US withdrawal from UNICEF (bangladesh)

437,000 school age Rohingya refugees had education (provided by NGOs and UN entities) suspended

which sector receiving ODA has experienced the most growth?

refugees in donor countries

what sector receives the most ODA?

Health