Inorganic Chemistry Review

Flashcards for reviewing key concepts in inorganic chemistry.

Ammoniated mercury

Also known as white precipitate.

Ammoniated mercury

Also known as white precipitate.

Gamma rays

Rays which have no mass and no charge but of very high energy and excellent penetrating power.

Antacids that cause “rebound” hyperacidity

NaHCO3 & CaCO3

Acetate

Evolves a gas with a fruity odor when treated with concentrated sulfuric acid and ethanol.

Gifford’s buffer

A buffer system that has been modified to include NaCl to make it isotonic with physiologic fluid.

Sb2S3

An orange-red sulfide insoluble in NH3 but soluble in excess (NH4)2S.

Artificial Air

Used therapeutically to alleviate difficult respiration and contains 20% oxygen & 80% helium.

Sulfurated potash

A mixture composed chiefly of potassium polysulfide and potassium thiosulfate.

Ionization potential

The energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom.

S

An element that does not form basic anhydrides.

Antifoaming agent

The role of simethicone in simethicone-containing antacids.

Cr

Element used as a glucose tolerance factor.

Tc

The first element produced artificially.

BaSO4

Can be used or taken internally without causing any toxicity because it does not dissociate in the GIT.

Acids

Have the following properties: sour taste, donor of protons, neutralize bases, EXCEPT pH above 7.

NaHCO3

Drug of choice to combat systemic acidosis.

Anti-oxidant

Use of sodium bisulfite.

cytochrome oxidase

Respiratory enzyme where both iron and copper are found.

(CaSO4)2 H2O

Chemical formula for Plaster of Paris.

Halogens

Also known as salt-forming group of elements.

Constipation

Major side effect from the use of barium sulfate suspension as radiopaque.

Attapulgite

The alum silicate which is antidiarrheal.

CuSO4

Salt contained in Fehling’s & Benedict’s reagent, used to determine the presence of reducing sugars.

B

Substance added to glass to improve its coefficient of expansion.

Vitamin D

Vitamin that enhance the physiological utilization of Ca in the body.

Iodine

Lack of this element causes a thyroid disorder known as goiter.

Lithium

Salts of these alkaline metals are used as sedative depressant in psychiatry.

Fe

The element present in hemoglobin of the blood which plays an important role in red blood cell-oxygen transport.

MgO

Besides activated charcoal and tannic acid, the other component of universal antidote.

Ca

In the form of its salt, this ion is essential to life being the structural basis of skeleton, an important factor in blood coagulation.

Zn

Element present in insulin.

Allotropes

Oxygen and ozone.

Talc

Softest mineral known.

3%

A 10 volume hydrogen peroxide is equivalent to % H2O2.

KMnO4

Mineral chameleon is the synonym of the powerful oxidizing agent.

Al

Ion used very effectively as astringent, protective and antiperspirant.

Preventing precipitation

Purpose of KI in strong iodine solution.

CaCO3

Chemical name of prepared chalk or precipitated chalk.

NaKC4H4O6

Chemical formula for Rochelle salt, which is used as a cathartic and also as sequestering agent.

Tantalum

A metal which is unaffected by body fluids and attaches itself to bones, is now used in surgical repairs of bones, nerves and muscles.

CuSO4 5H2O

Chemical formula for blue vitriol, an effective astringent and emetic.

Na+

Ions not present in the intracellular fluids.

Cupric sulfate

Component of Bordeaux mixture used as fungicide.

HgCl

Chemical formula for Calomel.

Mercury

Amalgams are alloys of:

Fluorine

The most electronegative element in the periodic table.

ZnSO4-7H2O

Chemical formula for White vitriol.

KNO3

Synonym for Saltpeter, a meat preservative.

Oxygen

Most abundant and essential of all elements.

Borax

Compound that is not an aluminum salt.

Sodium chloride

Electrolyte replenisher in dehydration.

Potassium bitartrate

Chemical name for Cream of tartar.

ZnO

Employed topically as astringent and protectant in ointment.

Hygroscopic

A substance which takes up water or moisture but does not dissolve.

Respiratory stimulant

Use of ammonia.

Disinfectant

Used to kill microorganism in inanimate objects.

General anesthetic

Laughing gas.

Saline cathartic

Increases osmotic load of the GIT.

Krypton

Inert gas with anesthetic properties.

Ferrous

Ion that gives a Turnbulls’ blue precipitate with potassium ferricyanide

Silver

Forms white precipitate with HCl but blackens upon addition of ammonium hydroxide.

Manganese

Gives a purple solution with sodium bismuthate.

Talc

Native of hydrous magnesium silicate.

Ferric

Ion that gives a Prussian blue precipitate with potassium ferrocyanide.

Adsorption

Mechanism of action in the use of carbon as anti-diarrheal.

Diluent

Physiologically inert substances added to the main component of the tablet so it will be convenient to swallow.

All of these

Some of the uses of astringent are: anti-perspirant, caustic, styptic.

Tc99m etidronate

Best radiopharmaceutical agent for bone imaging.

Hydrolysis

Not a mechanism of anti-microbial action.

Silver

Ion that gives a white precipitate with HCl which is soluble in excess ammonium hydroxide but reprecipitated upon addition of nitric acid.

Aluminum

Ion that gives positive result to Rinman’s Green Test.

Law of Mass Action

Rate of the reaction is proportional to the product of the concentrate of the reactants to the power of its coefficient in a balanced equation.

Reducing agent

An agent that loses one or more electrons in a redox reaction.

Green

Color of Nickel ion in solution.

Endothermic

Describes a process or reaction that absorbs heat.

Aluminum salt of aurintricarboxylic acid

Chemical name for Aluminum reagent.

Cupric

Ion that produces an intense blue colored solution with an excess ammonia and a reddish brown precipitate with potassium ferrocyanide.

Cobalt

Ion that gives positive result to Thenard’s Blue Test.

Bismuth

Ion that gives a yellow precipitate with NaOH and scarlet red precipitate with an excess KI.

Catalyst

Does not cause a shift of equilibrium.

Alkali metals

They are called the “soluble group”.

Insoluble chloride group

Group I ions are often called:

Centrifuge

Process that replaces filtration in semi-micro procedures.

Ammonium

Shows a similar properties to that of sodium and potassium.

Chemical equilibrium

A state in which the rate of forward and reverse reactions are the same.

Le Chatelier’s Principle

A rule that states that when a stress is applied to a system in equilibrium, the equilibrium shifts to relieve the stress.

Ferric

Blood red colorization with CNS but a blue precipitate with hexacyanoferrate(II).

pH

A measure of a solution’s acid strength, the negative common log of the [H3O+].

Cr-51

The isotope used in the determination of the volume of red blood cells and total blood volume.

Al(OH)3

The amphoteric property of this compound prevents systemic alkalosis.

Sodium iodide 1-131

Radiopharmaceutical agent for thyroid function.

Strong electrolyte

Substance that shows strong conductivity property and a high degree of ionization.

Redistributed

The chemical properties of the elements depend upon the extent to which their electrons are:

Magnetic quantum number

Gives the spatial orientation of the electron cloud with respect to the three areas in space.

Conjugate base

An acid which is a proton donor yield a:

Deliquescent

Substances that absorb moisture from the atmosphere and dissolve in it is said to be:

Carbon monoxide

Compound that when mixed with the hemoglobin of the blood, results in asphyxial death.

Na2C2O4

An agent that is not an oxidizing agent.