Directional Terms and Body Planes

What position is used as the standard reference for describing the locations and relationships of body structures?

Anatomical position

In what position is a person standing erect with the face and palms facing forward?

Anatomical position

Regardless of how the body is oriented, what position are all anatomical relational descriptions based on?

Anatomical position

What directional term means above or higher than another body structure?

Superior

What directional term means below or lower than another body structure?

Inferior

What directional term means toward the front of the body?

Anterior

What directional term means toward the back of the boyd?

Posterior

What directional term means closer to the midline of the body?

Medial

What directional term means farther from the midline of the body?

Lateral

What directional term means closer to the point of attachment of a body part?

Proximal

What directional term means farther from the point of attachment of a body part?

Distal

What directional term describes a structure located close to the surface of the body?

Superficial

What directional term describes a structure located toward the interior of the body?

Deep

What term refers to planes used to divide the body into sections?

Body planes

What plane separates the body into right and left parts?

Sagittal plane

What type of sagittal plane runs along the midline and divides the body into equal left and right halves?

Median/Midsagittal plane

What term refers to the exact middle part of the body?

Midsagittal plane

What plane is a horizontal plane that separates the body into superior and inferior parts?

Transverse plane

What plane is a vertical plane that separates the body into anterior and posterior parts?

Frontal/Coronal plane

What are the 3 body parts and regions?

Upper limb, Lower limb, Central region

What structures are included in the upper limbs?

Upper arm, Forearm, Wrist, Hand

What structures are included in the lower limbs?

Thigh, Lower leg, Ankle, Foot

What structures are included in the central region of the body?

Head, Neck, Trunk

Which organs are mainly found in the right-upper quadrant of the abdomen?

Liver
Gallbladder

Some part of the intestines

Which organs are mainly found in the left-upper quadrant of the abdomen?

Stomach
Spleen

Some part of the intestines

Which organs are mainly found in the right-lower quadrant of the abdomen?

Appendix
Lower part of the ascending colon

Some part of the intestines

Which organs are mainly found in the left-lower quadrant of the abdomen?

Colon
Rectum
Lower part of the descending colon

Some part of the intestines

What are the 9 regions of the abdomen?

Right hypochondriac region
Epigastric region
Left hypochondriac region
Right lumbar region
Umbilical region
Left lumbar region
Right iliac region
Hypogastric region
Left iliac region

Which organ is mainly found in the right hypochondriac region?

Liver

Which organ is mainly found in the epigastric region?

Stomach

Which organ is mainly found in the left hypochondriac region?

Spleen

Which part of the large intestine is mainly found in the right lumbar region?

Ascending colon

Which organ is mainly found in the umbilical region?

Pancreas

Which part of the large intestine is mainly found in the left lumbar region?

Descending colon

Which organ is mainly found in the right iliac region?

Appendix

Which organ is mainly found in the hypogastric region and is important in urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

Bladder

Which structures are mainly found in the left iliac region?

Rectum, Sigmoid colon