01 PART 2

WATER SUPPLY PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT

delivers water from sources to customers, and provides services vital to the function of an industrialized society and important to emergency response and recovery after disastrous events (e.g., earthquakes).

water supply system

are one of the most important infrastructure buildings.

Water supply systems

THE MAIN PURPOSE OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS

distribution of water to all its users. Water must be delivered in sufficient quantity and at acceptable pressure.

OBJECTIVES OF A WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

❖To supply safe and wholesome water to the consumers

❖To supply water in adequate quantity

❖To make water available within easy reach of the consumers

❖To supply water to domesticated animals

❖To supply water to industries

Lessons Learned by the Philippine Water Sector

Phased Design

Use of Updated Technology

Operational Autonomy

Tariff Design & Public Consultation

Institutional Development Practices

Monitoring System

Considerations for a Sustainable System

Technical Considerations

Financial Considerations

Social Considerations

Environmental Considerations

Water System Design Process

1) Service Level

2) Water Demand Projections

3) Facilities Design

4) Capital Investment and O&M Costs

5) Tariff Design

6) Design Iteration

7) Plans and Design Specifications

DESIGN OUTPUTS

1) Engineer’s Report

2) General Layout

3) Detailed Plans

4) Specifications

5) Bill of Quantities and Cost EstimatesDesign Outputs

Components of a Water Supply System

Components of a Water Supply System

1. Source of Water

2. Intake

3. Pump

4. Collection Chamber

5. Transmission Mains

6. Interruption Chamber

7. Treatment or Purification

8. Reservoir

9. Control Valves

10. Distribution System

11. Break Pressure Tank

12. Public Standpost

✓ This is the most frequently used component of the water supply system.

✓ In rural areas, consumers collect water from _____ to meet their house demand.

✓ If people cannot afford private connections in the rural area and scattered houses in the area a stand post serves 8 to 10 households

Public Standpost

✓ A small tank constructed in a rural gravity water supply specifically built to break the hydrostatic pressure is called a ______

✓ It prevents the pipe from bursting due to excessive pressure.

✓ The main function of a Break Pressure Tank is releasing force into atmospheric pressure

Break Pressure Tank

✓ After the treatment of water, it is distributed to the targeted community for domestic, industrial, commercial, and public uses by the means of a pipe network is known as the ___. ✓ It is designed for peak flow.

Distribution System

They are provided in the pipelines to control and regulate the flow of water.

Control Valves

____ is necessary to balance the variation of demand and to reserve water.

Reservoir

✓ The raw water contains various types of impurities to remove those impurities which is harmful to human and other living beings health water treatment is done.

✓ The objective of water treatment is to provide and maintain water that is hygienically safe, palatable, and aesthetically attractive in an economic manner.

Treatment or Purification

✓ The chamber which is provided in the transmission lines to prevent bursting pipes due to excessive pressure is known as an ____. Hence, the function of this chamber is to release high pressure or convert it into atmospheric pressure

Interruption Chamber

✓ For the conveyance of water from the source to the treatment plant, different types of conduit are used like open channels, aqueducts, pipelines, etc. is known as _____.

✓ Water from the transmission main is not given to users

Transmission Mains

✓ If the water demand is not met by a single source, it may be required. This prevents the backflow of water from one source to another.

✓ It is used to collect water from more than one source.

✓ It settles coarse materials contained in river or spring water.

Collection Chamber

✓ A ___ is a lifting device commonly required to lift water from a source which is operated with the help of energy.

✓ It is essential when the area to be supplied is located at a higher elevation than that of the source of supply.

Pump

✓ An _____ collects the water from the source and feeds it to the transmission line.

✓ The basic functions of intake are: to ensure required water and reduce sediment entry, to check trash and debris entry along with water entering and prevent the entry of ice, and to collect water from the source and feed it to the transmission line.

Intake

This refers to the place from where water is obtained. The source must be reliable and have a minimum number of impurities. It should have more charge than that of demand.

Source of Water

2 TYPES OF SOURCES

Surface and Sub-Surface

EXAMPLES OF SURFACE WATER

• RIVERS

• LAKES

• RESERVOIRS

EXAMPLE OF SUB-SURFACE WATER

WATER FOUND BENEATH THE GROUND

▪ Spatial Characteristics which includes topography and its influence on the pressure distribution in the pipe network.

▪ Most of WSS are installed on existing or planned roads, so problems with existing communal infrastructures can occur during construction.

Water Supply Systems are dependent on:

✓ The basic functions of intake are:

to ensure required water and reduce sediment entry, to check trash and debris entry along with water entering and prevent the entry of ice, and to collect water from the source and feed it to the transmission line.