Topic 17: Airflow Disorders

examples of beta-adrenergic agonists

• albuterol

• salmeterol

T or F: Albuterol is long-acting & Salmeterol is short-acting

False. Albuterol is short-acting & Salmeterol is long-acting

albuterol and salmeterol (beta-adrenergic agonists) therapeutic effect

asthma

albuterol and salmeterol (beta-adrenergic agonists) complication

• tachycardia

• angina

• tremors

T or F: Do not take beta-adrergic agonists and a steroid inhale beta-adrenergic agonist together

False. These medications can be taken together and the beta-adrenergic agonist promotes bronchodilation and absorption of the steroid.

medications that assist with airflow disorders

• beta-adrenergic agonists

• methylxanthines

• inhaled anticholinergics

• glucocorticoids

• leukotriene modifiers

example of a methylxanthines

theophylline

theophylline (methylxanthine) complications

• GI distress

• dysrhythmias

• seizures

theophylline (methylxanthine) nursing considerations

monitor serum levels

inhaled anticholinergic example

ipratropium

ipratropium (inhaled anticholinergic) therapeutic use

• COPD

• allergen-induced bronchospasm

• exercise-induced bronchospasm

ipratropium (inhaled anticholinergic) complications

• dry mouth

• hoarseness

ipratropium (inhaled anticholinergic) nursing consideration

rinse mouth after inhalation to decrease unpleasant taste

glucocorticoid examples

beclomethasone & prenisone

becolmethasone is taken ____ (orally / by inhaling)

by inhaling

prednisone is taken ____ (orally / by inhaling)

orally

beclomethasone (glucocorticoid) action

prevent inflammation

beclomethasone (glucocorticoid) therapeutic use

long-term prophylaxis of asthma

beclomethasone (glucocorticoid) complications

• hoarseness

• candidiasis

glucocorticoid-induced cadidiasis

• advise client to rinse mouth/garge with water after use

• monitor for redness, sores, or white patches

• treat with nystatin oral suspension

prednisone (glucocorticoid) complciations

• suppression of adrenal gland function

  • taper dose

• bone loss

  • perform weight bearing exercises

  • consume efficient calcium & hyperglycemia

• hyperglycemia

  • monitor bg

  • increase insulin dosage

• myopathy

• peptic ulcer disease

• infection

• hypokalemia

examples of leukotriene modifiers

montelukast & zafirlukast

montelukast & zafirlukast (leukotriene modifiers) therapeutic effects

• long-term therapy of asthma in adults and children

• prevent exercise induced bronchospasm

montelukast & zafirlukast (leukotriene modifiers) complications

• depression

• suicidal ideation

montelukast & zafirlukast (leukotriene modifiers) nursing administration

• take once daily at bedtime

• take 2hr before exercise