archaea and bacteria

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6 Terms

1
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what are the differences between archaea and bacteria

  • archaeal membrane lipids are composed of glycerol linked hydrocarbon chains by ether linkages not the ester linkages

  • these hydrocarbons may also be branched and they may be organised as tetraethers that form a single layer instead of a double layer

  • archaea lack peptidoglycan although some have pseudomurein

  • archaea use use eukaryote - like machinery showing they are evolutionary closer to eukaryotes

  • archael transcription and translation machinery are more similar to eukaryotes

2
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what approaches have been used to create taxonomies

  • analysis of the amino acid sequences of key proteins

  • the analysis of nucleic acid - base sequences

  • nucleic acid hybridisation

3
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what are the prokaryote shapes?

  • bacillus

  • coccus

  • spirillum

<ul><li><p>bacillus</p></li><li><p>coccus </p></li><li><p>spirillum</p></li></ul><p></p>
4
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structure of gram positive and gram negative cell walls

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5
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what is the purpose of PGPB (plant growth promoting bacteria)

  • PGPB are mutalistic

  • help plants by enhancing growth improving nutrient uptake and providing protection against pathogens

  • while the plants offer the bacteria a habitat and nutrients

  • PGPB utilise nutrients exuded from plants and survives environmental stress

6
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