contemporary: burger

when was Burger's study carried out?

2009

what has been suggested by psychologists since Milgram's study?

people are more aware of the consequences of blindly following orders

what did Burger predict about his replication of Milgram's study?

a similar level of obedience would be produced despite societies changes in values since the 1960's

what was the aim of the study?

to investigate obedience and examine the affect of situational factors by partially replicating Milgram's 1963 study

how were participants gathered for the study?

volunteer sampling through responding to an advertisement

what was the incentive of the study?

$50 for 2 x 45 minute sessions

which participants were removed from the first part of the screening process?

participants who took psychology classes and were familiar with Milgram's research, and those with physical and psychological health issues

what percentage of participants were removed by the first part of the screening process?

30%

who conducted the second part of the screening process?

2 clinical psychologists at Santa Clara university

what did participants have to complete in the second part of the screening process?

questionnaires about age, occupation, ethnicity

what was the purpose of the 30 minute interviews given to participants?

to see whether they would be negatively affected due to psychological disorders

how many participants were removed by interviews?

47

how many participants were used in the study?

70

how many males and females took part in the study?

29 males and 41 females

what was the age range of the participants?

20-81

how many experiments did Burger conduct?

2

how did participants right to withdraw override the incentive?

they were allowed to keep the money even if they withdrew

what rigged role was the participant always assigned?

the teacher

what task did the teacher carry out to the learner?

reading 25 word pairs

what voltage was the sample shock given to the teacher?

15v

what happened at 75v?

pre-recorded grunts from the learner were played

what medical issue did the learner disclose having?

a heart condition

at what voltage was the experiment forcibly stopped?

150v

what information obtained from Milgram's original study caused Burger to forcibly stop the experiment after a certain voltage?

participants who administered shocks of 150v usually went on to the full 450v

what did the experimenter use to encourage participants to continue?

Milgram's 4 verbal prods

how was participant distress reduced after the experiment?

they were told the shocks were not real and were reintroduced to the learner

what was the name of Burger's experiment one?

the baseline condition

what was the name of Burger's experiment two?

the modelled refusal condition

how many confederates were used in the modelled refusal condition?

1 playing the teacher and 1 playing the learner

what role did the participant play in the modelled refusal condition?

teacher 2

what was the confederate teacher's initial role?

to ask the questions and administer the shocks

what happened at 75v during the modelled refusal condition?

teacher 1 hesitates after hearing the learner's grunts

what happened at 90v during the modelled refusal condition?

teacher 1 refuses to continue despite prompts from the experimenter

what happened after the confederate teacher refused to continue in the modelled refusal condition?

teacher 2 was asked to continue

what percentage of participants had to be stopped at 150v in the baseline condition?

70%

what percentage of participants continued past 150v after teacher one withdrew in the modelled refusal condition?

63.3%

what was concluded by Burger's study about gender?

there was little difference and both were given the first verbal prod at the same point

what was concluded by Burger's study about obedience?

time and changes in society since the 1960's did not have an affect on the levels of obedience