Atomic structure and electron structure

Relative atomic mass

Average mass of one atom of an element compared with 1/12 th mass of an atom of carbon-12

Calculating R.A.M

An atomic orbital

A region within an atom that can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins

S and P Orbitals

• S orbital - Spherical

• P orbital - Dumbell

Electron configurations

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²

Noble Gas configuration

A short hand configuration that can be written using the electronic configurations of the noble gases that come before the element

Configuration exceptions and reasons

• Chromium - 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹3d⁵

• Copper - 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹3d¹⁰

  Reason: They represent more stable arrangements