Networking, Addressing, and Communication Lesson 005: Assigning IPv4 Addresses

What are the two main methods for assigning IP addresses to devices?

Static assignment and dynamic assignment.

Static Assignments

What is the static assignment method for assigning IPv4 IP addresses also known as?

Manual assignment.

What are the four things that must be provided in order for a network device to be able to connect to a network?

An IP address, a subnet mask, a default gateway, and a domain name system (DNS) server address.

IP Address

A unique identifier for a network device to communicate with other devices.

Subnet Mask

Distinguishes the network portion of an IP address from the host portion.

What is the deciding factor of when network traffic goes outside of a LAN.

The subnet mask.

Default Gateway

The IP address of a device connecting the local network to external networks.

Domain Name System (DNS) Server Address

Specifies the server that translates domain names into IP addresses.

What is the purpose of a DNS server address?

Enables devices to communicate with servers hosting websites or services.

Why is it a good idea to avoid assigning the four required fields for network devices statically?

A single mistake can cause communication and connectivity errors, and is time consuming.

Where might static assignment of network configurations for a device be practiced?

When configuring servers, printers, and network hardware.

Where might dynamic assignment of network device configurations be implemented?

When doing the network configurations for user end point machines.

Dynamic Assignments

The practice of automatically assigning configuration details to devices joining the network.

What functionality does dynamic assignment rely on?

DHCP.

What does DHCP stand for?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.

What functionality do most home routers provide when it comes to network configuration?

Dynamic assignment functionality for any device connected.

What is the process of dynamic assignment?

Device connects to the network > embedded DHCP server in router assigns device IP address for set time > after time is passed address is returned to IP address pool unless requested by device again.

What is the main benefit of using dynamic assignment?

Ensures efficient use of the DHCP IP address pool with lower administrative overhead.

What are the other benefits of using dynamic assignment?

More efficient and scaleable, especially for larger networks.

What is one of the most common configurations to a DHCP server?

The reservation of IP addresses for certain devices for static assignments.

What benefits come from the utilization of the DHCP server?

Flexibility of assignment of IP addresses (static and dynamic), for handling troubleshooting errors using the DHCP logs.

What other ways can a device be configured to a network?

By assigning itself an APIPA address, or using the ZeroConfig functionality.

What is Zero Configuration?

A method for automatically assigning IP addresses without manual setup.

What is the range of private IP addresses used in Zero Configuration?

169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255

When is a private IP address from the Zero Configuration range assigned to a client?

When the LAN is not in service or improperly configured.

What does ZeroConfig stand for?

Zero Configuration.

What does APIPA stand for?

Automatic Private Internet Protocol Addressing.

What additional capabilities does ZeroConfig possess?

Name resolution and service discovery.

What is Bonjour?

Apple's implementation of ZeroConfig.

What does Bonjour allow devices to do?

Automatically find printers, scanners, or shared files on the same network.

What is Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution?

Microsoft's implementation of ZeroConfig that enables name resolution and service discovery among devices on the same network.

What does Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution eliminate the need for?

The use of a DNS server.

What does LLMNR stand for?

Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution.

What is Apple's implementation of ZeroConfig called?

Bonjour.

What is Microsoft's implementation of ZeroConfig called?

Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution.