ABH Bovine test prep

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44 Terms

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what is the scientific name for bovines

Bos indicus or Bos taurus

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bull

intact male

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cow

intact female

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calf

young cattle

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heifer

immature female

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steer

castrated male

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calving

giving birth

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freshening

giving birth and producing milk; starting a lactation cycle

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freemartin

sterile female that is masculinized due to its male twin

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polled

naturally hornless

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open

cattle not bred

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settled

pregnant or successfully bred cattle

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veal

calf meat

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beef

mature cattle meat

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scours

diarrhea

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bloat

gas in the rumen

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cull

selectively remove an animal from the herd

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temperature

100.4’ F - 103.1’ F

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pulse

40-80 bpm

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respiration

10-30 bpm

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milking procedure

  1. wash teats

  2. squirt milk from teats

  3. attach milking unit

  4. remove milking unit

  5. perform postdip

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phase 1 of the lactation cycle

  • calving

  • occurs weeks 0-12

  • lasts 10-12 weeks

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phase 2 of the lactation cycle

  • weeks 12-24

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phase 3 of the lactation cycle

  • week 24 to end of lactation

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phase 4 of the lactation cycle

  • dry phase

  • 6-8 weeks before parturition

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grade A milk

  • not over 50’ F

  • cannot exceed 100,000 before other products are added

  • cannot exceed 300,000 before pasteurization

  • cannot exceed 750,000 at any time

  • no antibiotics

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grade B milk

  • cannot exceed 500,000 at any time

  • no antibiotics

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when should you wean a dairy cow

within 24 hours

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when should you wean a beef cow

within 8-11 months

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breeding cycle

polyestrous- year round

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age of puberty

10-12 months

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breeding cycle frequency

every 21 days

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estrus cycle length

12-18 days (brahman 3-6 hours)

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length of gestation

283 days (about 9-10 months)

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lactation period

300 days (10 months)

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5 phases of heifer development

  1. sire selection

  2. pre-weaning management

  3. heifer selection at weaning

  4. weaning to breeding

  5. gestation through parturition and rebreeding

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5 steps of embryo transferring

  1. superovulation

  2. insemination

  3. collect embryos

  4. embryo ID and selection

  5. embryo transfer

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1st stage of parturition

  • 2-6 hours

  • restless

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2nd stage of parturition

  • 30 mins - 4 hours (75 mins)

  • delivery up to 6-8 hours

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3rd stage of parturition

  • 4-6 hours to expel the placenta

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fetal dystocia

  • fetal malformation

  • stillbirth

  • fetal size

  • abnormal presentation

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maternal dystocia

  • pelvic fracture/injury

  • uterine torsion

  • rupture of supporting structures

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calves should stand within ____ to _____ hours

1-2

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calves should be fed colostrum within ___ to ___ hours

12-24