Chapter 13: The New Deal

Franklin D. Roosevelt

American President elected at the height of the Great Depression

Eleanor Roosevelt

FDR's wife and First Lady; known for her active role in the administration

New Deal

Programs and legislation enacted by FDR during the Great Depression to promote economic recovery

Fireside chat

informal radio broadcast in which FDR communicated with the American people

FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)

; government agency that insures bank deposits

Pump priming

Economic theory that favored public-works projects because they put money in the hands of consumers who would buy more goods, stimulating the economy

Social Security Act

1935 law that created a pension system for retirees, established unemployment insurance, created insurance for victims of work-related accidents, and provided aid for poverty-stricken mothers and children, the blind, and the disabled

Collective bargaining

process in which employers negotiate with labor unions about hours, wages, and other working conditions

Sit-down strike

labor protest in which workers stop working and occupy the workplace until their demands are met

Court packing

FDR plan to add more justices to the Supreme Court after the Court ruled some New Deal legislation unconstitutional

Indian New Deal

Program that gave Native Americans economic assistance and greater control over their own affairs

New Deal coalition

Diverse group of southern whites, northern blue-collar workers, mid-western farmers, and African Americans that united behind FDR and the New Deal

Welfare state

Government that assumes responsibility for providing for the welfare of children and the poor, elderly, sick, disabled, and unemployed

Mural

Large picture painted directly on a wall or ceiling

SEC (Securities & Exchange Commission)

federal agency that regulates the stock market