Essential Drug Structures

Chapter 2 of the 2025 Naplex book "basic science concepts"

what drug is this?

describe Beta lactam antibiotic structure and hypersensitivity

B lactam ring fused to a 5 sided ring;

cross reactive to all drugs with B lactams

what drug is this?

ceftriaxone

describe ceftriaxone structure and hypersensitivity

b lactam ring fused to a 6 sided ring

what drug is this?

ertapenem

describe ertapenem structure and hypersensitivity

b lactam ring fused to a 5 sided ring;

cross reactive with all B lactam containing ABX

what drug is this?

azetreonam

describe azetreonam structure and hypersensitivity

lactam ring that is not fused to another ring;

not cross reactive with B lactams

what drug is this?

gentamicin

describe gentamicin structure

amine group and a sugar group

what drug is this?

sulfamethoxazole

describe sulfamethoxazole structure and hypersensitivity

Contains a sulfonamide group;

cross reactive to other drugs that contain a sulfonamide group

what drug is this?

ASA

describe ASA structure

acidic carboxyl group

what drug is this?

IBU

describe IBU strucutre

carboxyl group

what drug is this?

amphetamine

describe amphetamine structure

primary amine

what drug is this?

levothyroxine

describe levothyroxine strucure

contains 4 iodine molecules and is converted to T3 in the body

what drug is this?

amiodarone

describe amiodarone structure

contains 2 iodine molecules

what drug is this?

fenofibrate

describe fenofibrate structure

ketone groups

what drug is this?

amitriptyline

describe amitriptyline

3 rings

what drug is this?

chlorpromazine

describe chlorpromazine structure

3 rings and a thio ether group