Head and Neck Structures: Surface Anatomy

Flashcards about head and neck anatomy, focusing on bones, muscles, and surface anatomy.

What bone contains the supraorbital notch or foramen?

Frontal bone

What is the name of the smooth prominence of the frontal bone above the root of the nose?

Glabella

Which suture is located between the frontal and parietal bones?

Coronal suture

Name a bone that articulates with the lacrimal bone.

Ethmoid bone

Name a bone that connects to the frontal process of the zygomatic bone.

Maxilla

What is the name of the foramen located on the maxilla below the orbit?

Infraorbital foramen

Name one bone that the zygomatic bone connects to.

Temporal bone

What bony structure is located on the anterior part of the mandible?

Mental foramen

Into what two categories is the cranium divided?

Neurocranium and Viscerocranium

How many frontal bones are there in the neurocranium?

One

How many parietal bones are there in the neurocranium?

Two

How many temporal bones are there in the neurocranium?

Two

How many occipital bones are there in the neurocranium?

One

How many ethmoid bones are there in the neurocranium?

One

How many sphenoid bones are there in the neurocranium?

One

Name one of the paired bones of the viscerocranium.

Nasal, Lacrimal, Palatine, Inferior nasal concha, Zygomatic or Maxilla

How many mandibles are in the viscerocranium?

One

How many vomer bones are there in the viscerocranium?

One

What are the two main portions of the adult frontal bone?

Squamous portion and Orbital portion

Name a structure found on the infant's frontal bone.

Squama

With which bones does the parietal bone limit?

Contra lateral parietal bone, Occipital bone, Frontal bone, Temporal bone

What are the four portions of the temporal bone?

Squamous Portion, Petrous Portion, Mastoid Process, & Styloid Process

Name a process on the Squamous Portion of the Temporal Bone.

Zygomatic process

What anatomical feature is found on the mastoid process of the temporal bone?

External auditory meatus

What are the two main portions of the occipital bone?

Squamous Portion and Basilar Portion

What significant foramen is located on the occipital bone?

Foramen magnum

What is a key landmark located on the external surface of the squamous portion of the occipital bone?

External occipital protuberance

Name a muscle that attaches near the nuchal lines of the occipital bone.

SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS

This structure articulates with the 1st Atlas.

Condyle

What part of the occipital bone contains tubercles for the alar ligaments?

Process

What canal is located near the condyle of the occipital bone?

Hypoglossal canal

Name a muscle that attaches to the Basilar Part of the Occipital Bone.

LONGUS CAPITIS

What are the four major parts of the sphenoid bone?

Body, Greater Wings, Lesser Wings, Pterygoid Processes

What is the name of the saddle-shaped depression on the body of the sphenoid bone?

Sella Turcica

What are the four main parts of the ethmoid bone?

Cribiform Plate, Crista Galli, Perpendicular Plate, Ethmoidal Labyrinth

Which plate of the ethmoid bone contains the crista galli?

Cribiform plate

Name a nasal concha of the Ethmoid bone.

Superior nasal concha or Middle nasal concha

The Palatine Bones, Maxilla, Vomer, Nasal Bones, Inferior Nasal Concha, Lacrimal Bones, Zygomatic Bones and Mandible belong to what?

Viscerocranium

Name two unique attributes about the palatine bones.

Interpalatine Suture, Greater Palatine Foramen, Lesser Palatine Foramen

The horizontal portion of palate bone connects to what?

Posterior nasal spine

Name an attribute of the Maxilla Bone.

Zygomatic Process, Frontal Process, Alveolar Process, Palatine Process, Infraorbital Foramen, Incisive Foramen

The Maxillary sinus lies close to which structure?

Frontal process

What processes are parts of the Zygomatic bone?

Frontal Process, Maxillary Process, Temporal Process

Name one of the main parts of the mandible.

Body, Ramus, Gonial angle, Condile, Coronoid process

What are the two main components of the ramus of the mandible?

Condyle and Coronoid Process

Name one of the facial muscles mentioned.

Frontalis, Nasalis, Levator labii superioris, Risorius, Depressor labii inferioris, Mentalis, Procerus, Orbicularis oculi, Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi, Zygomaticus major, Orbicularis oris, Masseter, Depressor anguli oris

Name a muscle involved in mastication.

Temporalis or Masseter

Temporal fascia connects to what?

Temporalis muscle

Besides the Temporal fascia, what connects to the Temporalis muscle?

Zygomatic arch

Name a type of Cervical Muscle.

Superficial Muscles, Suprahyoid Muscles, Infrahyoid Muscles, Lateral Vertebral Muscles

Name a Superficial Muscle.

Platysma, Sternocleidomastoid, Trapezius

Name a Suprahyoid Muscle.

Mylohyoid, Geniohyiod, Stylohyoid, Digastric

Name a Infrahyoid Muscle.

Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid, Thyrohyoid, Omohyoid

Name a Lateral Vertebral Muscle.

Levator Scapulae, Splenius, Scalene Muscles

What are the components of the Scalene Muscles?

Anterior, Median, Posterior

What does the stylohyoid muscle connect to?

Hyoid Bone.

What do the sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles connect to?

Sternum

Where do the omohyoid muscles attach?

Scapula, Sternum

The levator scapulae connects to what?

Scapula

What bone is near where the splenius attaches?

Occipital bone

Which has more coverage, the anterior scalene or posterior scalene.

Posterior

Which of the viscerocranium bones are single (unpaired)?

Mandible and Vomer

The palatine process is part of which bone?

Maxilla

Name one muscle that attaches to the mandible.

Masseter

Which part of the temporal bone contains the external auditory meatus?

Mastoid Process

Name one muscle that helps with facial expressions.

Orbicularis oculi

Name one muscle that assists with moving the hyoid bone.

Mylohyoid

What is the function of the Scalene Muscles?

Lateral Vertebral Muscles

Does the trapezius muscle act on the head and neck?

Yes- Superficial Muscle Group

Alveolar process is a part of what?

Maxilla

What are the components that contain the angle of the mandible?

Body and Ramus

Foramen magnum is contained inside what?

Occipital bone

Zygomatic bone process are important for what?

Attachment of facial muscles

Name a landmark on the Frontal Bone.

Supraorbital notch

Mandible is what kind of bone?

Single (Unpaired)