Chapter 7: Electricity
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37 Terms
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Resistance
________: the tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons, changing electrical energy into thermal energy and light.
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metal wire
In a(n) ________, or any material, electrons are in constant motion in all directions.
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battery
A(n) ________ can provide the voltage difference that is needed to keep current flowing in a circuit.
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cell
A(n) ________ consists of two electrodes surrounded by a material called an electrolyte.
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Electrical conductors
________ have much less resistance than insulators.
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Insulator
________: A material in which electrons are not able to move easily.
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Ohms Law
________: the current in a circuit equals the voltage difference divided by the resistance.
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Copper
________ is an excellent conductor and has low resistance to the flow of electrons.
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Circuit
________: A closed path that electric current follows.
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Protons
________ have positive electric charge and electrons have negative electric charge.
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electrolyte
The ________ enables charges to move from one electrode to the other.
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transfer of electrons
Rubbing two materials together can result in a(n) ________.
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Electric current
________ loses energy as it moves through the filament because the filament resists the flow of electrons.
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electric resistance
The ________ of most materials usually increases as the temperature of the material increases.
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Static Electricity
________: The accumulation of excess electric charge on an object.
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Parallel Circuits
________: contain two or more branches for current to move through.
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Electric Power
________: The rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy.
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wet cell battery
A(n) ________ contains several wet cells connected together.
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electrolyte
The ________ is a moist paste containing several chemicals.
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Voltage difference
________ is measured in volts.
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Electric current
________ is measured in amperes.
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Series Circuit
________: Current has only one loop to flow through.
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Circuits
________ also include conductors such as wires that connect the devices to the source of voltage difference to form a closed path.
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Voltage Difference
________: related to the force that causes electric charges to flow.
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Static Electricity
The accumulation of excess electric charge on an object
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Law of Conservation of Charge
charge can be transferred from object to object, but it cannot be created or destroyed
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Conductor
A material in which electrons are able to move easily
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Insulator
A material in which electrons are not able to move easily
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Charging By Contact
The process of transferring charge by touching or rubbing
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Charging By Induction
The rearrangement of electrons on a neutral object caused by a nearby charged object
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Electric Current
The net movement of electric charges in a single direction
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Voltage Difference
related to the force that causes electric charges to flow
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Circuit
A closed path that electric current follows
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Series Circuit
Current has only one loop to flow through
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Series circuits are used in flash
lights and some holiday lights
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Parallel Circuits
contain two or more branches for current to move through
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Electric Power
The rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy