Chapter 7: Electricity

Resistance

________: the tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons, changing electrical energy into thermal energy and light.

metal wire

In a(n) ________, or any material, electrons are in constant motion in all directions.

battery

A(n) ________ can provide the voltage difference that is needed to keep current flowing in a circuit.

cell

A(n) ________ consists of two electrodes surrounded by a material called an electrolyte.

Electrical conductors

________ have much less resistance than insulators.

Insulator

________: A material in which electrons are not able to move easily.

Ohms Law

________: the current in a circuit equals the voltage difference divided by the resistance.

Copper

________ is an excellent conductor and has low resistance to the flow of electrons.

Circuit

________: A closed path that electric current follows.

Protons

________ have positive electric charge and electrons have negative electric charge.

electrolyte

The ________ enables charges to move from one electrode to the other.

transfer of electrons

Rubbing two materials together can result in a(n) ________.

Electric current

________ loses energy as it moves through the filament because the filament resists the flow of electrons.

electric resistance

The ________ of most materials usually increases as the temperature of the material increases.

Static Electricity

________: The accumulation of excess electric charge on an object.

Parallel Circuits

________: contain two or more branches for current to move through.

Electric Power

________: The rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy.

wet cell battery

A(n) ________ contains several wet cells connected together.

electrolyte

The ________ is a moist paste containing several chemicals.

Voltage difference

________ is measured in volts.

Electric current

________ is measured in amperes.

Series Circuit

________: Current has only one loop to flow through.

Circuits

________ also include conductors such as wires that connect the devices to the source of voltage difference to form a closed path.

Voltage Difference

________: related to the force that causes electric charges to flow.

Static Electricity

The accumulation of excess electric charge on an object

Law of Conservation of Charge

charge can be transferred from object to object, but it cannot be created or destroyed

Conductor

A material in which electrons are able to move easily

Insulator

A material in which electrons are not able to move easily

Charging By Contact

The process of transferring charge by touching or rubbing

Charging By Induction

The rearrangement of electrons on a neutral object caused by a nearby charged object

Electric Current

The net movement of electric charges in a single direction

Voltage Difference

related to the force that causes electric charges to flow

Circuit

A closed path that electric current follows

Series Circuit

Current has only one loop to flow through

Series circuits are used in flash

lights and some holiday lights

Parallel Circuits

contain two or more branches for current to move through

Electric Power

The rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy