TAMU ENGR 216

Non-homogenous

properties vary in space

Closed System

Mass does not cross the boundaries

Isolated

Nothing (mass, momentum, energy) crosses the boundaries

Homogenous

properties are the same throughout the system

Steady

system state is constant, it does not change in time

Open

mass may or may not cross the boundaries

Non-isolated

one or more things (mass, momentum, energy) cross the boundaries

Unsteady

system state changes in time in some way

6 Terms of the UAE

Final - Initial = Input - Output + Generation - Consumption

Systematic error

comes from some repeated occurrence in an experiment or measurement

Random error

comes from random events outside of our control

standard normal distribution

mean is 0, standard deviation of 1

Engineering design process

Ask, Imagine, Plan, Create, Experiment, Improve

Engineers shall hold paramount the _____, ______, and _____ of the public

safety, health, welfare

objective, truthful

Engineers shall issue public statements only in an ________ and ______ manner.

Engineers shall act for each employer or client as ______ agents or ______

faithful, trustees

honorably, responsibly, ethically, lawfully

Engineers shall conduct themselves _____, _______, ______, and _____ so as to enhance the honor, reputation, and usefulness of the profession

Engineers shall conduct themselves honorably, responsibly, ethically, and lawfully so as to enhance the ______, _______, and _______of the profession

honor, reputation, usefulness

Conservative forces

path independent and do not dissipate the mechanical energy of a system

Non-conservative forces

does work on a system; the mechanical energy of a system changes

Extensive quantities

quantities whose value is proportional to the size or "extent" of the system

Intensive quantities

Quantities that do not depend upon scale

normalization of deviance

the gradual process through which unacceptable practice or standards become acceptable. As the deviant behavior is repeated without catastrophic results, it becomes the social norm for the organization.

message attenuation

Information is passed repeatedly between persons with changes each time, typically diminishing important aspects of the message.

implicit bias

someone considers a person and/or the work and information provided by them to be unduly positive or negative based on an unrelated personal characteristic: gender, age, education, wealth, race, etc.

confirmation bias

believing that a condition exists and accepts information that supports the belief but rejects disproving information

anchoring bias

first quantity or quality received (even if it has no justification) becomes an assumed value, and it becomes difficult to believe that reality is far from that first value

overconfidence bias

after having some experience with a situation, someone assumes that it'll be very similar and thinks they understand it better than they do

groupthink bias

when a bunch of people believe something, so one believes it to be more true

framing bias

a question's answer being changed severely by how its phrased

Intertemporal bias

greater weight is given to short term issues than long term ones

loss aversion bias

someone considers it more impactful to lose something they already have than to gain the same net quantity from nothing