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maghadha imp rulers
Bimbisara, Ajatasattu and Mahapadma Nanda
maghadha old and new capital
Rajagaha (the Prakrit name for presentday Rajgir in Bihar) later Patliputra
First gold coins:
Kushan Empire, especially under the rule of King Kanishka
Spectacular gold coins:
Gupta Empire, particularly during the reign of Chandragupta II and Kumaragupta I
Punch-marked coins of silver:
Yaudheya rulers
Copper coins:
Maurya Empire, under the rule of Emperor Chandragupta Maurya
james princep deciphered- in -
ashokan brahmi in 1838
critical edition of mahabharat- started, by, pages, years to complete
1919, VS Sukrhankar , 13000 oages in 47 years
adi parvan
1st section of mahabharat
ashtadhyayi of panini
work on sanskrit grammar
charaka and sushrutra samhita
work on medicine
a. Bhadrabahu
b. Hemachandra
c. Vishakhadatta
d. Megasthenes
Bhadrabahu is associated with the Kalpasutra, an important Jain text.
Hemachandra authored the Parish Parvan, a Jain historical text.
Vishakhadatta wrote the Sanskrit political drama Mudrarakshasa.
Megasthenes, a Greek ambassador, wrote Indica, documenting his observations about India.
natyashastra of bharata
works on dramaturgy
kula
Kula - III. Family:
In the context of social organization, "Kula" refers to a family or lineage, emphasizing the familial connection.
shreni
D. Shreni - IV. Guild:
"Shreni" denotes a guild, a group of people with common interests or professions, often associated with economic activities.
jnati
Jnati - I. Kinfolk
"In the context of social organization, "Jnati" refers to the kinfolk or family.
vamsha
Vamsha - II.Lineage:
"Vamsha" is associated with lineage, representing the descent from a common ancestor.
Agrahara' was land granted to
brahaman
Vinaya Pitaka
contains the rules and regulations governing the conduct of Buddhist monks (bhikkhus) and nuns (bhikkhunis) within the monastic community. It provides guidelines for their daily life, behavior, discipline, and interactions within the sangha, the community of Buddhist monastics.
Abhidhamma Pitaka
Abhidhamma Pitaka offering philosophical insights and theoretical frameworks. It is one of the three baskets (Tipitaka) of the Pali Canon.
Sutta Pitaka
Sutta Pitaka contains the discourses and teachings of the Buddha, addressing various aspects of life, ethics, and meditation.
Mahavamsa
ancient Sri Lankan chronicle t related to the Buddha and the establishment of Buddhism in Sri Lanka.