5 worlds religions

mohamed life

570-632 AD

Salaam

peace

Islam

Submission

Jihad

Internal conflict

Allah

God

Tawhid

divine oneness

Shirk

Associating other things w God

Qur’an

Holy book

Sufi

Whool wearer

Hijab

Head covering

5 pillars

Sahada (Declaration of faith, God is one muhammed is prohet) Salat (prayer 5x a day) Zakat (Charity) Sawn (Ramadan) Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mekka)

Sharia (islam)

The path/way

Hadith (Islam)

Actions/approvals of prophet

Figh

Islamic philosophy/law and understanding of sharia

Sunni

Tradition, Abu Bakr, father in law

Shia

Shiat Ali (partisans of Ali) Son in law

What is Islamism

Modern political ideology that treats islam as total comprehensive

Difference between Sufism and Sunni and Shia

-Emphasis on mystical experience and direct union with God

-Use of spiritual guides (shayks) and organized sufi orders (tariqas)

Problem (Islam)
Solution
Techniques

Self-suficiency, forgetting Allah, pride
Submission
5 pillars

Problem (Judaism)

solution

techniques

Exile

Return to God

Follow the Law/ tell the story of Gods people

Tanekh

Hebrew Bible

Tikkune Alam

Repairing the world

Halakha (Judaism)

Body of Jewish Law

Aggadah

non-legal narrative of Jewish law

Mitzvast

Tradition/commandements

Bris

Covenant/circumsission

Torah

5 Mozaik books

Yarmulke/kippah

Skullcap

Hasidim (judaism)

Followers of hasidic teachings, emphasize joy, Rabbi, clothing

Bar mitzvah

Come of age for boys

bat mitzvah

come of age for girls

What is Shabbat

Jewish day of rest, Friday sundown-saturday sunset

Who built the first Jerusalem temple? Who and when was it destroyed?

Built by King Solomon, destroyed by the babylonians in 586 BCE

When and how did the situation change so the second temple was built, when was it destroyed, by who?

Persia took over the Babylonians, allowed Jews to build and return. Built in 516 BCE, destroyed in 70 CE by the Romans in the first Jewish-Roman war

Purim (Judaism)

Saving of Jews in Persia

Pesach

Commemorates Exodus, means passover

Sukkot

Remembers Israelis wildeness Journey

Yom Kippur

Repentance and Reconciliation with God

Hannukah

Celebrates reclamation of Temple in Jerusalem, redadication of second temple

Sharvot

Celebrates giving of Torah

Rosh Hashanah

Jewish New Year

Seder

Ritual meal on passover

Christians are preoccupied with 4 things?

Belief, Faith, Creed, Catechism

Problem (Christianity)
Solution
Techniques

Sin

Salvation

Faith

Orthodoxy meaning

Right belief

Orthopraxy

right practice

Important events for Christians:

The great schism (Split between orthodox and catholics, 1054)

Protestant Reformation (Martin Luther, 1517, creation of protestant churches)

Rise of Evangicalism, Bible pentecostalism (1700’s-1800’s, to be born again, Bible as ultimate guide for faith and life, Jesus is the only way to salvation)

Problem (Hinduism)

Solution

Wondering on, vicious cycle of life and death

Moksha, escape, spiritual liberation

Ganash

Elephant headed god of good fortune

Shiva

destroyer

Brahma

creator

Vishnu

sustainer, divine things

Mahadevi (Shakti)

Great goddess

Krishna

Incarnation of Vishnu

Rama

Incarnation of Vishnu

Durga

Goddess, protection, strength, defeat of evil

Lakshmi

goddess, wealth, prosperity

Kali

goddess of time, transformation, destruction of evil, radical liberation

4 aims of Hinduism

Dharma=Duty

Artha=Wealth and success

Kama=love, pleasure

Moksha=spiritual liberation

Margas

paths ways

Darshanas

Philosophy, ideas

Sanatana Dharma

Eternal Duty

Karma

Action, deed

Brahman

ultimate, infinity reality

Chit

Consiousness, awareness

Kirtans

Devotional songs

Yogas

Disciplines

Mortis

Images/statues

Maya

Illusion

atman

Individual soul/self

Sat

Truth, being, existance

Ananda

Bliss, supreme happiness

3 yogas:

Karma: Discpline of Action

Jnana: “                   “ Wisdom

Bhakti: “                  “ devotion

what four figures were seen in Buddhism?

old man, sick man, dead person and a wondering holy man

Problem (Buddhism)

Solution

Techniques

Suffering

Nirvana (elimination of suffering)

noble 8 fold path

What is the awakening the prince had?

Nirvana, all things are important and changing, not static

4 noble truths

Humans existence is characterized by human suffering

Suffering has an origin

Suffering can be eliminated

Path to elimination of suffering is the 8 fold path

8 fold path

Right view, right action, right intention, right speech, right concentration, right action, right livelihood, right effort

Theravada

The way of the elders, individual enlightment in Nirvana

Mahayana

The great vehicle, compassion and achieving enlightment for sake of all beings

Vajrayana (buddhism)

Diamon/Thunderbolt vehicle, developed within mahayana, spiritual progress

buddha

Enlightened one

Vipassana

seeing clear

Dharma (buddhism)

teachings, truth, law

Bodhisattva

enlightment being

Prana (Hinduism)

life force/vital energy

Dukkha

Suffering

Sangha (Buddhism)

Community

Anatta/Anatman

no self, no soul

Narjuna

Indian philosopher, , all things are empty of inherent existence

nirvan

Blow out/extinct suffering