Chordate, Arthropoda, and Echinoderms- Evolution and Diversity Exam #4

Definitions and pictures of chordates/vertebrates, echinoderms, and arthropoda

Notochord

Stiff but flexible rod extending the length of the body, providing an attachment site for muscles

Pharyngeal Gill Slits/Bars

Found in all chordate embryos and some adults. They can be gills or scaffolding for jaws/muscles

Post-anal Tail

A tail that extends beyond the anus

Endostyle/thyroid

An organ that assists with filter feeding by secreting mucous

Oviparous

Laying eggs

Viviparous

Live birth

Ovoviviparous

Young appear to be born live, but have hatched from an egg retained internally

Amniotic Egg

a shelled egg designed to reproduce outside of water

Ectothermy/Poikilothermy

Body temperature is determined by the environment

Endothermy

Body temperature is generated by the organism metabolically

Heterothermy

Body temperature varies with the environment

Homeothermy

Body is maintained at a consistent temperature through metabolic processes

Agnatha

Jawless fish

Gnathostomes

Jawed vertebrates

Tetrapods

Vertebrates with four limbs

What is the phylum and class?

Chordata, Chondrichthyes

What is the phylum and class?

Chordata, Osteichthyes

What is the phylum and class?

Chordata, Amphibia

What is the phylum and class?

Chordata, Reptilia

What is the phylum and class?

Chordata, Aves

What is the phylum and class?

Chordata, Mammalia

What is the phylum and subphylum?

Chordata, cephalochordata

What is the phylum and subphylum?

Chordata, Urochordata

What is the phylum and class?

Echinodermata, Asteroidea

What is the phylum and class?

Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea

What is the phylum and class?

Echinodermata, Echinoidea

What is the phylum and class?

Echinodermata, Holothuroidea

What is the subphylum and class?

Chelicerata, Arachnida

What is the subphylum and class?

Chelicerata, Merostomata

What is the subphylum and class?

Myriapoda, Chilopoda

What is the subphylum and class?

Myriapoda, Diplopoda

What is the subphylum and class?

Hexapoda, Insecta

What is the subphylum and class?

Crustacea, Branchiopoda

What is the subphylum and class?

Crustacea, Malacostraca

Tagma/Tagmata

fusion of segments into functional units

Cephalothorax

Fused head and thorax

Chelicerae

Fang/mouth parts on arthropods

Pedipalps

Smaller legs used for sensory input

Carapace

Hard protective shell

Telson

hindmost part of the arthropod’s body

Mandibulate

Hard jaws for eating

Prothorax

Directly behind the head

Mesothorax

Middle thorax

Metathorax

3rd segment of thorax

Spiracle

Hole for breathing

Tympanum

Eardrum

Cheliped

Large claws on crustaceans

Brood Pouch

Houses embryos before hatching

Uropods

Flat appendages on the last abdominal segment