Anatomy Chp 1

what is anatomy?

the study of the structure of the human body

list the hierarchy of structural organization

cell → cellular → tissue → organ → organ system → organism

what is the integumentary system?

the external body covering, protects the deeper tissue from injury & produces vitamin d. it is also the site of cutaneous receptors

what is the skeletal system

a system that provides framework for the muscles, protects and supplies body organs by storing minerals and producing blood cells

What is the muscular system

a system that allows manipulation of the environment; locomotion, facial expressions, maintaining posture & helps produce heat

What are the 3 types of muscles?

Skeletal, cardiac and smooth

what is the nervous system?

The fast-acting control system. it responds to changes internally and externally & activates the muscle and glands

what are the 3 parts of the nervous system?

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

What is the endocrine system?

Responsible for producing hormones to regulate growth, reproduction & nutrient use

What is the cardiovascular system?

the system that contains the blood vessels to transport blood. the heart pumps the blood through the vessels that carries CO2 & O2

____ carries nutrients & _____ carries waste in the cardiovascular system

arteries, veins

What is the lymphatic system?

a system that picks up leaked fluid from blood vessels and returns it to the blood. it helps dispose of debris and houses the lymphocytes, which is responsible for attacking against foreign substances

Respiratory system

A system that keeps the blood supplied with oxygen by removing carbon dioxide. The gas exchange happens in the walls of air sacs of the lungs.

What is the digestive system

A system that breaks down food into digestible units. Anything that is not digestible is eliminated as feces

what is the urinary system

a system that eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body & regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-based balances of the blood

what is the female reproductive system?

the ovaries produce eggs and female sex hormones while the mammary glands produce milk. The organs serve as a site of fertilization and the development of the fetus

What is the male reproductive system?

the testes produce sperm and male sex hormones. The male ducts and glands help in the delivery of the sperm to the female reproductive tract

what does anatomical position mean?

the common position used in anatomy; palms face the front (anteriorly) as the thumbs are towards the body, the feet are together and the eyes are forward

what is kyphosis?

a hunchback present in the notre dame in the thoracic region

what is lordosis

when a woman is pregnant in anatomical position

What is bilateral symmetry?

A form of symmetry where the opposite sides are similar

what is dorsal hollow nerve cord?

the hollow cord on the dorsal, what is in your spinal cord

what is notochord and vertebrae

your vertebral column

what is segmentation?

something that is in segments or in parts

what are pharyngeal pouches?

A sac and/or pocket that can develop between the lower part of the throat and the upper part of the esophagus