Topic 4.2: Impacts of Economic Sectors on Resources

What is informal employment?

informal employment is any employment which is unregulated and unofficial

Give examples of jobs in the informal sector?

• Shoe shining

• Rubbish collecting

• Selling fruit or other products on the street

• Para-transit - including rickshaws and tuk tuks

Give 3 causes of informal employment

Negatives of Informal Employment

• Have no healthcare benefits

• Are often exposed to health or safety risks

• Have no contracts or guaranteed pay

• Have no holiday or sick pay

What are the two main factors that determine the rate at which resources and energy are used?

• The population size

• The rate of development

What is carrying capacity?

the population an area’s resources can sustain

What is considered the optimum population

• There are not so many people or so few resources that the standard of living falls

• There are enough people to develop the resources of the country 

Define Overpopulation and Underpopulation

• Underpopulation is when the population is too small to develop the resources effectively

• Over population is when there are too many people or too few resources to ensure a high standard of living

When does population pressure occur

population pressure occurs when the population is greater than the carrying capacity

what does the optimum theory of population graph look like?

What is Thomas Malthus’s view?

• Population growth is increasing at a faster rate than food supply

• There will be time when there is not enough food to sustain the population

• As a result, population growth will stop as a result of a Malthusian catastrophe - famine, disease or war

• These are known as positive checks as they increase the death rate

• Preventative checks are factors which decrease the birth rate 

• These limiting factors maintain the balance between population and resources

Why were Malthus’s predictions incorrect

Malthus's predictions were incorrect as they came before much of the technological developments which have enabled food supply to be increased

Sketch a graph demonstrating Malthus’s theory

What was Ester Boserup’s theory?

• Population growth will stimulate developments in technology to increase food production

• More efficient resources will be discovered/used

• Renewable resources will replace non-renewable

Sketch a graph illustrating boserup’s theory