1/22
Vocabulary flashcards on fertilization, contraception, and related concepts from lecture notes.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
Fertilization
The process of joining haploid male and female gametes to create a diploid zygote.
Chemotaxis
Sperm swim toward chemical signals the egg and cumulus cells release.
Thermotaxis
Temperature gradient that help sperm find the egg.
Rheotaxis
Sperm swim against current to find the egg.
Capacitation
Removal of cholesterol and glycoproteins covering the acrosome preparing it for the acrosomal reaction.
Cumulus oophorus
Follicle cells covering the oocyte after ovulation.
Hyaluronidase
Enzyme from the sperm that disperses hyaluronic acid in the cumulus cells.
Zona pellucida
Network of glycoproteins secreted by follicle cells during follicle maturation.
Fertilins
Proteins on the sperm membrane that bind to integrins on the egg membrane, mediating membrane fusion.
Integrins
Proteins on the egg membrane that bind to fertilins on the sperm membrane, mediating membrane fusion.
Polyspermy
Fertilization by more than one sperm
Depolarization of the oocyte membrane
Fast block to polyspermy involving a change in membrane potential.
Cortical reaction
Slow block to polyspermy, cortical granules beneath the oocyte membrane release their contents into the perivitelline space.
Pronucleus
Oocyte nucleus after meiosis II is complete and before fusion with sperm pronucleus.
oocyte activation
The completion of Meiosis II, Mass degradation and post-translational modification of proteins stored in oocyte.
Parthenogenesis
Onset of development in the absence of fertilization.
Dizygotic twins
Twins resulting from multiple oocytes fertilized independently.
Monozygotic twins
Twins resulting from one embryo splitting into two.
Fraternal twins
Multiple oocytes are fertilized independently in the same reproductive cycle
Identical twins
One embryo splits into two early in development
Conjoined twins
Twins joined after day 9 of development.
Parasitic twins
An asymmetrical conjoined twin where one twin is underdeveloped and cannot support life.
Salpingectomy
Surgical removal of the uterine tubes