SPIC | Chapter 1 | Gemini Generated

B. Abacus

What is widely considered the "Mother of Computers" and recorded between 1000 B.C. and 500 B.C.?

A. Slide rule

B. Abacus

C. Difference Engine

A. 20,000 to 30,000 B.C.

When were the first utility tools dealing with numbers recorded on bones?

A. 20,000 to 30,000 B.C.

B. 1800 B.C.

C. 1000 B.C.

D. 300 B.C.

C. 1800 B.C.

In what year was the first place-value number system recorded in place?

A. 3000 B.C.

B. 20,000 B.C.

C. 1800 B.C.

D. 500 A.D.

D. 300 B.C. and 500 A.D.

When were zero and negative numbers recorded as being introduced?

A. 20,000 B.C.

B. 1800 B.C.

C. 1000 B.C.

D. 300 B.C. and 500 A.D.

B. Leonardo da Vinci

Who invented a mechanical calculator around the year 1500 AD?

A. Blaise Pascal

B. Leonardo da Vinci

C. Wilhelm Schickard

D. John Venn

A. 1621

In what year was the slide rule invented?

A. 1621

B. 1500

C. 1640

D. 1800

C. Wilhelm Schickard

Who invented a mechanical calculator in 1625?

A. Blaise Pascal

B. Charles Babbage

C. Wilhelm Schickard

D. Joseph-Marie Jacquard

B. 1640

In what year did Blaise Pascal invent his Arithmetic Machine? A. 1621

B. 1640

C. 1800

D. 1830

C. Punched card

What 1800 AD invention by Joseph-Marie Jacquard speeded up computation and information storage, revolutionizing computing?

A. Vacuum tube

B. Slide rule

C. Punched card

D. Paper tape

B. George and Edward Schutz

Who designed the Difference Engine alongside Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine period around 1830 AD?

A. Mauchly and Eckert

B. George and Edward Schutz

C. Donald Davies and Roger Scantleberg

D. Alan Turing and John von Neumann

A. George Boole

Who invented Boolean Algebra in the 1840s, opening new frontiers in logic, mathematics, engineering, and computing?

A. George Boole

B. Allan Marquand

C. John Venn

D. Charles Pierce

B. Sir Charles Wheatstone

Who invented paper tape to store information in 1857, creating new excitement by allowing huge amounts of data to be entered and stored?

A. William Stanley Jevons

B. Sir Charles Wheatstone

C. Herman Hollerith

D. Ted Hoff

C. William Stanley Jevons

Who invented the Logic Machine in 1869 AD?

A. Allan Marquand

B. Charles Pierce

C. William Stanley Jevons

D. John Venn

B. Sholes

Who created the first keyboard around 1874?

A. Herman Hollerith

B. Sholes

C. Allan Marquand

D. Sir Charles Wheatstone

A. Allan Marquand

Who invented Rectangular Logic Diagrams in 1881?

A. Allan Marquand

B. John Venn

C. George Boole

D. Charles Pierce

D. Charles Pierce

Who first linked Boolean Algebra to circuits based on switches in 1886?

A. Alan Turing

B. John Ambrose Fleming

C. Herman Hollerith

D. Charles Pierce

C. John Venn

Who invented Venn diagrams in 1890, which are used extensively in switching algebras in hardware and software development?

A. Allan Marquand

B. George Boole

C. John Venn

D. William Stanley Jevons

B. Automatic electrical tabulating machine with clock-like counters

What type of device did Herman Hollerith invent in 1890 to collate Jacquard's punched cards into categories?

A. Mechanical slide rule

B. Automatic electrical tabulating machine with clock-like counters

C. Stored-program mainframe

D. Microprocessor circuit

A. Vacuum tube

Invented by John Ambrose Fleming, what milestone component powered all digital computers during the first half of the 20th century?

A. Vacuum tube

B. Triode

C. Semiconductor transistor

D. Microprocessor

B. Lee de Forest

Who invented the triode in 1906?

A. John Ambrose Fleming

B. Lee de Forest

C. Alan Turing

D. Ted Hoff

C. 1926

In what year was the first semiconductor transistor invented, though it was not used for several years?

A. 1906

B. 1916

C. 1926

D. 1942

A. Turing Machine

What abstract computer did Alan Turing invent in 1937 to show that some problems do not lend themselves to algorithmic representations?

A. Turing Machine

B. COLOSSUS

C. ENIAC

D. Harvard Mark I

B. Capacitors

What component did Vincent Atanasoff use in his 1939 digital computer model to store electronic charge representing Boolean numbers (0 and 1)?

A. Vacuum tubes

B. Capacitors

C. Paper tape

D. Magnetic cores

C. COLOSSUS

Designed by Alan Turing in 1942-1943, what computer used about 1,800 vacuum tubes to break the German ENIGMA code?

A. Harvard Mark I

B. ENIAC

C. COLOSSUS

D. EDVAC

B. Harvard Mark I (ASCC)

What was the 1st large-scale automatic digital computer, developed by Howard Aiken?

A. ENIAC

B. Harvard Mark I (ASCC)

C. UNIVAC I

D. EDVAC

A. Mauchly and Eckert

Who built the ENIAC, a vacuum tube-based general-purpose computer that weighed 30 tons, was hard-wired, and had no internal memory?

A. Mauchly and Eckert

B. Howard Aiken and Alan Turing

C. Ted Hoff and Gary Kildall

D. Kleinrock and Roberts

C. EDVAC

Completed in 1956, what was the 1st truly general-purpose digital computer to introduce the stored-program instruction concept?

A. ENIAC

B. UNIVAC I

C. EDVAC

D. Harvard Mark I

D. UNIVAC I

What was the 1st commercially available computer released in 1948?

A. ENIAC

B. EDVAC

C. Apple I

D. UNIVAC I

B. Minicomputer

Developed in the mid-to-late 1960s, what smaller, less expensive computer alternative to mainframes introduced timesharing and networking concepts?

A. Microprocessor

B. Minicomputer

C. Personal Computer

D. Analytical Engine

A. The 4004

Created by Ted Hoff in 1971, what was the first microprocessor built with integrated circuits?

A. The 4004

B. Intel 8008

C. Intel 8080

D. Apple I

B. Intel 8008

What was the first 8-bit microprocessor to use a compiler, released by Intel in 1972?

A. The 4004

B. Intel 8008

C. Intel 8080

D. Apple II

C. Intel 8080

What 1974 microprocessor was an 8-bit device with 4,500 transistors capable of 200,000 operations per second?

A. The 4004

B. Intel 8008

C. Intel 8080

D. Apple I

B. Software was designed to fit hardware

How was software engineering handled prior to the personal computer revolution in the mid-1970s?

A. Hardware was designed to fit software

B. Software was designed to fit hardware

C. Software was bought open-source

D. Hardware was built using web browsers

A. 1976

In what year were the Apple I and Apple II microcomputers unveiled?

A. 1976

B. 1981

C. 1971

D. 1968

C. Gary Kildall

Who developed CP/M, the first personal computer operating system?

A. Bill Gates

B. Ted Hoff

C. Gary Kildall

D. Tim Berners-Lee

B. Bill Gates

Who developed the Disk Operating System (DOS) when IBM joined the PC market in 1981?

A. Gary Kildall

B. Bill Gates

C. Steve Jobs

D. Alan Turing

D. Telegraph, Telephone, Radio, Computers

What four foundational technologies does the Internet rely upon?

A. Microprocessors, Vacuum Tubes, Switches, Diodes

B. HTML, HTTP, Browsers, Web Servers

C. Mainframes, Minicomputers, PCs, Microprocessors

D. Telegraph, Telephone, Radio, Computers

B. J.C.R. Licklider

Who originally conceptualized a global interconnected set of computers using packet switching instead of circuits?

A. Leonard Kleinrock

B. J.C.R. Licklider

C. Tim Berners-Lee

D. Frank Heart

A. Leonard Kleinrock

Who published the first work on packet switching theory in 1961?

A. Leonard Kleinrock

B. Donald Davies

C. Roger Scantleberg

D. Bob Kahn

C. Donald Davies and Roger Scantleberg

Which two researchers coined the term "packet" and built the first working Wide Area Network connecting Boston and Los Angeles?

A. Kleinrock and Licklider

B. Heart and Kahn

C. Donald Davies and Roger Scantleberg

D. Berners-Lee and Roberts

B. Frank Heart and Bob Kahn

What team developed the Interface Message Processor (IMP) for ARPANET in 1968?

A. Tim Berners-Lee and CERN

B. Frank Heart and Bob Kahn

C. Mauchly and Eckert

D. Davies and Scantleberg

C. HTML, HTTP, and Web Browser

What three core technologies were incorporated in Tim Berners-Lee's 1989 WWW proposal at CERN?

A. DOS, CP/M, and UNIX

B. Packets, IMPs, and ARPANET

C. HTML, HTTP, and Web Browser

D. Triodes, Vacuum Tubes, and Switchboards

A. Mosaic

What 1993 graphical user interface web browser popularized and fueled the rapid expansion of the Internet?

A. Mosaic

B. Line-mode browser

C. CERNNet

D. Netscape

C. James H. Moor

Who first coined the phrase "computer ethics" and defined it as the formulation and justification of policies for the ethical use of technology?

A. Walter Maner

B. Deborah Johnson

C. James H. Moor

D. Herman Hollerith

B. Walter Maner

Who authored "Is Computer Ethics Unique?" which detailed the justifications for studying computer ethics as an independent discipline?

A. James H. Moor

B. Walter Maner

C. Deborah Johnson

D. J.C.R. Licklider