Fuck shit ahh

Separation of Powers

3 Branches of government- each with a different role

Checks and Balances

A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power

Limited Government

The Federal government only has so much power

Popular sovereignty/Consent of the governed

Government gets its power from the people

Republicanism

People are elected who make decisions on our behalf.

Federalism

a form of government in which power is divided between the federal government and the state government. They also share some powers.

Article 1

Legislative- Branches of government established

Start of article 1- All powers herein granted shall…..

Legislative

Is the house of reps the low/high chamber

Low

Qualifications for house of reps

25 years old, citizen for 7 years, resident of state for 2 years

Speaker of the House and total # of reps

Mike Johnson - 435

Leader of 5th congressional district of Illinois

Mike Quigley

Leader of 9th congressional district of Illinois

Jan Schakowsky

Senate (Upper house) qualifications

30 years old, 9 years citizen, resident of state for 2 years

President of the senate

JD Vance

President Pro Tempore

Chuck Grassley

Senate majority leader

John Thune

Senate minority leader

Chuck Schumer

Illinois senators

Dick Durbin(senior) and Tammy Duckworth

Bills related to taxes, spending, and impeachment start where

House of Reps

Ratifying treaties with other countries needs what vote and who does it ?

2/3s majority- Senate

Who approves or disapproves presidential appointments ?

Senate

Who acts as a jury during impeachment?

Senate

Who is allowed filibuster/unlimited debate?

Senate

Overriding a veto needs what?

2/3 majority

Senate and House write _

Laws

Enumerated Powers

The powers explicitly given to Congress in the Constitution.

Elastic powers

allows congress to stretch its powers to meet new needs

Implied Powers

Inferred from the enumerated powers

Writ of Habeas Corpus

Can't jail people without reason

Bill of attainder

a law that declares a person, without a trial, to be guilty of a crime

Ex post facto law

A law that makes something illegal in the past.

Start of Article 2- The _ power shall be vested in the President

Executive

Qualifications for President

35 years old, born in the U.S., and has to have lived in the U.S. for 14 years

A president can serve up to 10 years by which amendment

22nd

Reprieve

Lessening of sentence

Presidents Make treaties but need what to ratify

2/3 senate

Presidents can be impeached for what?

Treason, Bribery, other crimes

For electoral college, a states number is determined how>

Number of reps plus 2 for the senate

Who is after the VP if the president dies?

Speaker of the house and then the president pro tempore of the senate.

Article 3 start- The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one

Supreme court

What's the lowest level of court

Trial courts

What's after the trial courts?

Court of appeal

What is the highest court?

Supreme court

Illinois has how many district courts?

23

Illinois has how many court of appeals?

5

What is the main job of the Supreme Court?

Constitutional interpretation?

How many Supreme Court seats are there?

9

Who is the Chief justice of the Supreme Court?

John Robert's

Cases go to the Supreme Court if you lose at a lower court and ask for

Writ of Certiorari (4/9 justices must accept to hear case)

People bringing a case up to the Supreme Court

Petitioner

People defending lower decisions of a court

Respondent

The Supreme Court has how many conservatives

6

Article 4

Article of the Constitution that regulates the states' powers, and their interaction with the National government.

Article 5

Amending the Constitution- An amendment can be proposed by 2/3 of the members of the house AND senate or by 3/4 of state legislatures.

Article 6

Supreme law- Constitution is the top, then federal law, then state constitutions etc.

Article 7

Ratification- 9 of 13 states must ratify the Constitution

Article 3 establishes the _

Judicial Branch

The first amendment has 5 freedoms- what are they?

Freedom or religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition

What is the second amendment?

The right to bear arms

What is the third amendment?

No quartering (housing) of troops

What is the fourth amendment?

Unwarranted searches and seizures (Need probable cause)

What is the fifth amendment?

Legal protections, right to grand jury, 5th amendment, double jeopardy, eminent domain

What is eminent domain?

Government can take land for public use but muse compensate fairly

What is the sixth amendment?

More legal protections-trials. Speedy and public trial. Jury and witness, right to a lawyer

What is the 8th amendment?

No cruel or unusual punishment

What is the ninth amendment?

You have rights not listed in the bill of rights

What is the tenth amendment

states' rights (powers not delegated to federal gov. by constitution is given to state)

Reserved powers

Powers not given to the federal government are given to the states

12th amendment

electors vote for president and vice president (together)

13th amendment

Abolished slavery

14th Amendment

Citizenship and Equal protection

15th Amendment

Gave black men the right to vote

16th Amendment

Income tax

17th amendment

Direct election of U.S. senators

18th Amendment

Prohibition of alcohol

21st amendment

Repeal of Prohibition

19th Amendment

Women's suffrage

20th Amendment

Start/end date of presidential terms- lame duck

22nd amendment

Presidential Term limits

23rd amendment

Washington DC electoral votes

24th amendment

Abolishes poll taxes

25th Amendment

Presidential Disability/succession

26th amendment

18 Year Olds Vote

27th Amendment

Congressional pay raises.

True or False- Illinois has had many different capitals

True

Illinois has a __

General assembly

Governor of Illinois

J.B. Pritzker

Illinois needs what vote of each house to override a veto

3/5

Are Judges in Illinois elected?

Yes