wow i hate this class

primary treatment in a sewage treatment plant is designed to

a. remove pathogens from wastewater

b. remove solids from wastewater

c. create sludge for use as fertilizer

d. move water from municipalities to the plant

e. recycle water

b. remove solids from wastewater

What happens to sludge from a sewage treatment plant

I. It can be deposited in a landfill

II. it can be incinerated

III. It can be used as a fertilizer

a. I only

b. II only

c. III only

d. I and II

e. I, II, and III

e. I, II, and III

Acid deposition from SO2 emissions occurs

a. as acid rain, acid snow, or dry-acid deposition

b. as acid rain only

c. as acrid rain and acid snow

d. as gasses that harm the ozone layer

e. only as particles that attach to the surfaces of plants

a. as acid rain, acid snow, or dry-acid deposition

Which form of waterway pollution creates conditions in which productivity is decreased and gills of bottom dwelling organisms are clogged

a. erosion and sedimentation

b. runoff and flooding

c. urbanization

d. mining dams

e. thermal pollution

a. erosion and sedimentation

What is the benefit of using water for an industrial process in a closed system in which the hot water is cooled in a tower and then recycled for heating again?

a. thermal pollution is reduced by not releasing heated water into a local waterway

b. the ambient temperature of the local area is not raised by the release of steam

c. there is less need for cogeneration because the plant has its own source of steam

d. there is less precipitation because water is not released

e. noise pollution is reduced because of containment

a. thermal pollution is reduced by not releasing heated water into a local waterway

Which is an example of a nonpoint source of water pollution

a. waste overflow from a water treatment plant due to excessive rains

b. mercury emissions from coal burning power plants

c. runoff from sprayed agricultural fields

d. garbage dumped at an abandoned landfill

e. acid drainage from an abandoned mine

c. runoff from sprayed agricultural fields

Which is NOT a disease caused by wastewater exposure?

a. cryptosporidium

b. cholera

c. typhoid fever

d. stomach flu

e. AIDS

e. AIDS

Bacteria are beneficial in the wastewater treatment process because

a. they help solid material to settle out of the wastewater

b. they naturally break down organic matter

c. the nutrients produced are beneficial to the treated water

d. they prevent the wastewater from forming sludge

e. they make the use of chemicals unnecessary in the treatment of wastewater

b. they naturally break down organic matter

Which is most likely to create eutrophic areas

a. nitrates and phosphates

b. synthetic organic compounds

c. heavy metals

d. solid waste

e. pharmaceuticals

a. nitrates and phosphates

Human wastewater entering into bodies of water such as rivers or lakes can be dangerous because

I. it causes a drop in the biological oxygen demand

II. it can lead to cultural eutrophication

III. the wastewater can carry pathogens

a. I only

b. II only

c. III only

d. II and III

e. I, II, and III

d. II and III

The greatest proportion of oil found in the world's oceans is caused by

a. oil producing algae populations

b. consumption of oil

c. natural oceanic seeps

d. extraction of oil

e. transportation of oil

b. consumption of oil

How is human waste typically treated in rural areas where a large amount of land is available

a. septic systems

b. sewage treatment plants

c. manure lagoons

d. storm water drainage systems

e/ collective ponds

a. septic systems

Which US legislation empowers the EPA to establish a maximum contaminant levels in drinking water

a. the clean water act

b. the superfund act

c. the clean air act

d. the MCL act

e. the safe drinking water act

e. the safe drinking water act

Which is the class of carcinogens formerly used in the production of plastics

a. reproductive hormones

b. DDT

c. PCBs

d. PBDEs

e. Perchlorates

c. PCBs

What substance is believed to be responsible for the development of eggs in the testes of some male fish

a. DDT

b. Atrazine

c. perchlorates

d. lead

e. PCBS

b. Atrazine

The material rotating in the north pacific ocean is composed of

a. solid waste, mostly plastics

b. organic waste dumped from cruise ships

c. medical waste dumped by multiple nations

d. coal slag dumped by china

e. solid waste from countries without adequate landfills

a. solid waste, mostly plastics

Which pollutant is most likely to be released into groundwater supplies naturally

a. phosphates

b. lead

c. arsenic

d. mercury

e. sulphates

c. arsenic

Noise pollution if a significant problem for

a. schooling fish

b. sea turtles

c. whales

d. marine birds

e. phytoplankton

c. whales

Method used to remove spilled oil from the surface of the ocean include

I. containment boom and oil vacuums

II. chemical dispersants

III. large screens

a. I only

b. II only

c. I and II

d. I and III

e. I, II, and III

c. I and II

the clean water act

I. protects surface waters

II. protects groundwater

III. protects the diversity of aquatic species

a. I only

b. II only

c. I and II

d. I and III

e. I, II, and III

d. I and III

An abandoned mine becomes flooded with groundwater and the disintegration of pyrite produces iton and hydrogen ions. this could lead bodies of water on the surface to

a. have a rapid increase in microbial organisms

b. have a high pH if the water in the mine infiltrates the surface water

c. have a low pH if the water in the mine infiltrates the surface water

d. have a high biochemical oxygen demand

e. have a high pH due to the precipitation of iron

c. have a low pH if the water in the mine infiltrates the surface water

Which toxic substance can be found in the water of buildings with old plumbing systems

a. lead

b. radon

c. mercury

d. arsenic

e. methane

a. lead

Which is a heavy metal associated with burning coal

a. lead

b. uranium

c. sulfur

d. mercury

e. carbon

d. mercury

Which is the correct order of the events leading to cultural eutrophication

a. leaching of nutrients from fertilized agricultural lands, fish die-off algal bloom

b. leaching of nutrients from fertilized agricultural lands, algal bloom, fish die-off

c. fish die-off, algal bloom, leaching of nutrients from fertilized agricultural lands

d. fish die-off, leaching of nutrients from fertilized agricultural lands, algal bloom

e. algal bloom, fish die-off, leaching of nutrients from fertilized agricultural lands

b. leaching of nutrients from fertilized agricultural lands, algal bloom, fish die-off

a man-made pond constructed to hold animal waste is called a

a. septic tank

b. manure lagoon

c. feed lot

d. leach field

e. sewage treatment plant

b. manure lagoon

Beneficial ozone is ___ and the dangerous ozone is ___

a. O2, O3

b. O3, O2

c. O3, CFC

d. tropospheric, stratospheric

e. stratospheric tropospheric

e. stratospheric tropospheric

Sulfur dioxide is emitted into the atmosphere through

I. volcanic eruptions

II. transpiration

III. the combustion of coal

a. I only

b. II only

c. III only

d. I and III

e. I, II, and III

d. I and III

Which is an anthropogenic source of nitrogen oxides

a. nuclear fission

b. combustion of natural gas

c. volcanic eruptions

d. lightning

e. motor vehicles

e. motor vehicles

Carbon monoxide is dangerous to human health because it

a. reduces visibility and contributes to highway vehicle crashes

b. is a respiratory irritant and is a leading cause of asthma

c. bonds to hemoglobin and interferes with oxygen transfer in the bloodstream

d. destroys ozone in the troposphere

e. is a leading cause of acid rain and acid mine drainage

c. bonds to hemoglobin and interferes with oxygen transfer in the bloodstream

an organic pollutant that evaporates at typical atmospheric temperatures and is a precursor to ozone is known as

a. carbon dioxide

b. photochemical smog

c. sulfurous smog

d. a volatile organic compound

e. particulate matter

d. a volatile organic compound

ozone is formed in the atmosphere as a result of the combination of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight this ozone is

a. a secondary pollutant

b. a primary pollutant

c. nitrogen smog

d. london smog

e. particulate matter

a. a secondary pollutant

Which are the 6 criteria air pollutants originally specified under the clean air act

a. pb, SO2, NOx, CO, PM, and tropospheric O3

b. tropospheric O2, SO2, NOx, PM, Pb, and CO2

c. SO2, NOx, Hg, Pb, PM, and O3

d. SO4, NOx, CO, PM, Pb, and tropospheric O3

e. Xo2, NOx, CO, Hg, PM, and tropospheric O3

a. pb, SO2, NOx, CO, PM, and tropospheric O3

Which is NOT a characteristic of SO2

a. it is a respiratory irritant

b. it can adversely affect plant tissues

c. its sources are exclusively anthropogenic

d. it results from the combustion of coal and oil

e. it is a corrosive gas

c. its sources are exclusively anthropogenic

Which is NOT a characteristic of NOx

a. it occurs as NO2, and NO gases

b. it occurs as a product of combustion in the atmosphere

c. fossil fuel combustion is the primary anthropogenic source

d. it contributes to the production of stratospheric ozone

e. it contributes to the production of photochemical smog

d. it contributes to the production of stratospheric ozone

Which would most adversely affect respiratory function

a. Mercury

b. lead

c. PM2.5

d. PM10

e. CO2

c. PM2.5

Photochemical smog which frequently exists in major metropolitan areas such as los angeles consists primarily of

a. fog

b. ozone

c. sulfate compounds

d. carbon particulate matter

e. smoke

b. ozone

Which air pollutant is a metal released primarily from the combustion of coal

a. lead

b. mercury

c. arsenic

d. sulfur

e. iron

b. mercury

To control tropospheric ozone it helps to limit

I. VOC emissions

II. NOx. emissions

III. CO emissions

a. I only

b. II only

c. III only

d. I and II

e. I, II, and III

e. I, II, and III

For photochemical smog to form VOCS must be present in order to create photochemical smog ___ bonds with nitrogen oxide, and therefore the nitrogen oxide is no longer available to combine with ___

a. diatomic oxygen, ozone

b. ozone VOCS

c. VOCS ozone

d. ozone particulate matter

e. carbon dioxide ozone

c. VOCS ozone

Which chemical reaction produces tropospheric ozone

a. NO2 + O3 -> NO4 + O

b. O2 + O2 -> O3

c. SO2 + O2 -> SO2 + O3

d. NO + O3 -> NO2 + O2

e. NO2 + O2 -> NO + O3

e. NO2 + O2 -> NO + O3

Which piece of legislation is most likely to have caused a significant decrease in acid deposition

a. the clean air act

b. the clean water act

c. the NAAQS

d. the Montreal protocol

e. the kyoto treaty

a. the clean air act

Catalytic converters in cars have been instrumental in removing which of the following pollutants from vehicle emissions

I. NOx

II. CO

III. SO42-

a. I only

b. II only

c. I and II

d. I and III

e. I, II, and III

c. I and II

How do CFCs affect ozone production

a. UV radiation frees a chlorine atom, which breaks down ozone

b. infrared radiation frees a chlorine atom, which breaks down ozone

c. UV radiation frees a fluorine atom, which breaks down ozone

d. infrared radiation frees a chlorine atom which breaks down ozone

e. UV radiation frees a carbon atom, which breaks down ozone

a. UV radiation frees a chlorine atom, which breaks down ozone

The depletion of ozone over Antarctica is greatest during

a. august through november

b. december through february

c. february through may

d. june through august

e. december and june

a. august through november

Which agreement allowed for a reduction and eventual elimination of CFC production and use

a. the Montreal protocol

b. the Quebec protocol

c. the Kyoto protocol

d. the clean skies initiative

e. the clean air act

a. the Montreal protocol

which is a phenomenon associated with the buildup of toxic compounds and pollutants in an airtight space

a. sealed building syndrome

b. synthetic building syndrome

c. sick building syndrome

d. sick worker syndrome

e. insulated building sick worker syndrome

c. sick building syndrome

which of the following is not a problem associated with acid deposition

a. compromised aquatic systems

b. lowered pH of lakes

c. harmful to human skin upon contact

d. erosion of buildings and monuments made of marble

e. erosion of paint of painted surfaces

c. harmful to human skin upon contact

A thermal inversion which can lead to serious pollution events occurs when

a. warm air rises taking pollutants with it

b. warm air close to the surface is blanketed by a layer of cool air that traps pollutants

c. cool air rises taking the pollutants with it

d. cool air stays close to the surface but pollutants rise into the atmosphere

e. cool air close to the surface is blanketed by a layer of warm air that traps pollutants

e. cool air close to the surface is blanketed by a layer of warm air that traps pollutants

The major source of indoor air pollution in developing countries is

a. synthetic materials in construction of buildings

b. indoor cooking with biomass as a fuel

c. release of radon 222 gas

d. lead based paints on furniture and walls

e. cigarette smoke

b. indoor cooking with biomass as a fuel

The breakdown of stratospheric ozone

I. can originate from the emission of CFCs

II. is catalyzed through a free CL atom

III. prevents UV rays from reaching the earth's surface

a. I only

b. II only

c. I and II

d. I and III

e. I, II, and III

c. I and II