Physical Science Exam

Two waves with the same speed have different wavelengths. Which has the lower frequency?

Longer Wavelength

Red light has a longer wavelength than green light. Which color has the higher frequency?

Green

Microwaves have a longer wavelength than green light. Which has the greater speed?

They both have the same speed

Part of a pencil that is placed in a glass of water appears bent in relation to the part of the pencil that extends out of the water. What is this phenomenon called?

Refraction

Electromagnetic energy invisible to the human eye is…

ultraviolet light

Which of the following is a true statement about light?

Nothing in the universe travels faster then light

Sunscreen protects your skin from sunburn. For sunscreen to be effective, it must block or absorb…

ultraviolet Light

We see a tree because light is…

reflected by the tree

The index of refraction best describes…

the ability of a material to bend light rays

When a wave bends as it crosses a boundary, _____ occurs

refraction

Why do microwaves warm-up food?

They are the same natural frequency as water

What is Planks constant used for?

Calculating wave energies

unit of measurement for frequency

hertz

Indicates the power of the wave

amplitude

Electromagnetic waves with more energy than visible light that cause sunburns

ultraviolet

The ray of light that strikes a surface

incident ray

Only specific colors are represented

line spectrum

A single unit of periodic motion

cycle

The process of making light with heat

incandescent

Happens when two or more waves interact

interference

A line drawn perpendicular to the surface of a reflecting or refracting material

normal

Distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next wave

wavelength

Time for one cycle to occur

Period

Longest to shortest wavelength

radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, Visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays

Opaque

Can’t see anything

What units are used to measure heat?

Joules or calories

Which of the following is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter?

Temperature

Heat energy will not spontaneously flow from a _______ temperature to a _______ temperature

lower; higher

Energy from the sun reaches Earth by a process known as…

radiation

Which material insulates heat well?

Air

A node of a standing wave is a…

point of minimum amplitude

A wave is…

a disturbance that travels from one place to another

What statement best describes the meaning of the word frequency?

How often a cycle is repeated

The speed of a wave is equal to…

the wavelength multiplied by the frequency

A transverse wave…

oscillates perpendicular to the direction of wave travel

A longitudinal wave travels…

in the same direction as the oscillations

A vibrating string has a frequency of 10 hertz. Which statement about the string is true?

The string has a period of 0.1 second

Destructive interference occurs because…

multiple waves combine to make a wave of a smaller amplitude

Which wave value can be found by multiplying wavelength by frequency?

Wave speed

When the amplitude of a sound wave increases…

the sound gets louder

The wavelength of a wave can best be determined by measuring the distance between…

one crest and the next one

Natural Frequency is…

the frequency at which a system oscillates when it is disturbed

Constructive interference occurs when two waves…

add up to create a wave that is larger than either single wave

A wave in which the individual particles of a medium vibrate back and forth parallel to the direction the wave travels is called a…

longitudinal wave

If you double the frequency of a pendulum, what happens to the period of one cycle?

The period is ½ of its original time

The wavelength of a wave is defined as…

the distance from crest to crest

The ability of an object to resist current is called…

electrical resistance

The power used by a circuit can be found by…

multiplying voltage and current

Power describes the rate of ______. Power is calculated in a circuit by multiplying voltage times ______.

energy flow, current

A 75-watt light bulb uses…

75 joules of energy every second

In an electrical circuit, the term current refers to…

flowing charges

When one mentions a battery’s voltage, one is actually referring to…

the amount of energy per unit of charge

According to Ohm’s law, resistance is the ratio of ______ to ______.

Voltage, current

A device used to create an intentional break in a circuit to stop the flow of current is a…

Switch

What is the standard voltage for electrical outlets?

120 Volts

A device which protects a circuit from too much current by creating a break in the circuit is a…

fuse

In an electrical circuit, a voltage difference…

supplies energy to make charges flow

Electrical resistance is a measured in units called…

ohms

The ratio of voltage to current represents a quantity that can be expressed using units of…

ohms

Charge is quantified using which unit?

coulomb

A complete path through which electricity travels is called a ______.

circuit

One ampere is the flow of one ______ per second.

coulomb

The energy carried by each unit of current is called…

Voltage

When a light bulb is turned on, it gives off more light as we increase the current flow through the bulb. As this occurs…

both resistance and voltage of the bulb increase

The watt is a unit that represents…

the amount of energy consumed by electrical appliances

An ohm is the unit measurement for…

resistance

The relationship between current, voltage, and resistance is known as…

Ohm’s law

When a glass rod is rubbed with silk, the rod becomes positively charged due to the transfer of…

electrons to silk

A rod and a piece of cloth are rubbed together. If the rod acquires a charge of +1 coulomb, the cloth acquires charge of…

-1 coulomb

Materials through which current will not easily flow are called…

insulators

The unit for charge is the…

coulomb

As the distance between two positively charged spheres increases, the force of repulsion between them…

decreases

A positively charged rod was used to give a metal pole a negative charge (no contact between them). The pole was charged by…

induction

Electrical Conductivity describes…

the ability of a material to carry current

The build up of electric charge on an object is called ______ electricity.

Static

Objects that conduct electricity poorly are called…

insulators

An electrically neutral object can be attracted by a positively charged object because…

the charges on a neutral body can be redistributed