Bio Chapter 1

Biology

The science that studies living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments.

Natural Sciences

Fields of science related to the physical world and its phenomena.

Basic Science

The branch of science aimed at expanding knowledge without immediate practical applications.

Applied Research

Research aimed at solving practical problems.

Inductive Reasoning

A type of reasoning that formulates general scientific principles based on particular results.

Deductive Reasoning

A form of logical thinking that predicts results by applying general principles.

Scientific Method

A step-based process consisting of making observations, defining a problem, posing hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and drawing conclusions.

Peer-Reviewed Scientific Papers

Scientific results presented in papers that are reviewed by experts before publication.

Scientific Research Paper

A paper consisting of several sections: introduction, materials and methods, results, and a concluding discussion.

Review Papers

Papers that summarize research conducted in a particular field over a period.

Key Properties of Living Organisms

Properties such as order, sensitivity to stimuli, reproduction, growth, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing.

Hierarchy of Biological Organization

The organization of living things into levels including atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.

Phylogenetic Tree

A diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among organisms.

Branches of Biology

Subdisciplines such as molecular biology, microbiology, neurobiology, zoology, and botany.