Acid Bases

proton

H+ positively charged particle

Arrhenius acid/base

Produces H+ ions or OH- when dissolved in water

Brownsted-Lowry Acid

a substance that can donate a proton

Brownsted-Lowry Base

H+ acceptor

strong acid

an acid that ionizes completely in aqueous solution

weak acid

an acid that is only slightly ionized in aqueous solution

pH

hydrogen ion concentration

pH 1-6

acidic

pH 7

neutral

pH 8-14

basic

conjugate acid

the compound formed when a base gains a hydrogen ion

conjugate base

a base that forms when an acid loses a proton

carbonic acid

a very weak acid formed in solution when carbon dioxide dissolves in water.

Amphoteric

describes water and other substances that can act as both acids and bases

Neutral

[H+] = [OH-]

hydronium ion

H3O+

Alkaline

a basic substance; chemically, a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; in reference to natural water, a measure of the base content of the water.

hydroxyl ion

OH-